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Pharm > Cholinergic Antagonist > Flashcards

Cholinergic Antagonist Flashcards

1
Q

Mechanism of action of cholinergic antagonists

A

Bind to receptors

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2
Q

Nicotinic selective cholinergic antagonists

A

Nicotine
Trimethaphan
Mecamylamine
Neuronmuscular blockers

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3
Q

Muscarinic selective cholinergic antagonists

A

Atropine
Ipratropium
Scopolamine

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4
Q

Muscarinic selective chol. antagonists in order of CNS distributions (low to high)

A

Ipratropium<Scopolamine

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5
Q

CHOl. Antagonists block which functions?

A 
SLUD: 
Salivation
Lacrimation
Urination
Defacation
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6
Q

medical uses of cholinergic antagonists

A 
Ophthalmology
Asthma
COPD
Cholinergic OD
GI hypermotility/Urinary incontinence
Motion Sickness
Parkinsons
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7
Q

Mydriasis

A

Increase in pupil size due to radial muscle contraction (cholinergic antagonists)

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8
Q

Miosis

A

Reduction in pupil size due to circular muscle contraction (cholinergic agonists)

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9
Q

Accommodation

A

Contraction of ciliary muscle (near vision) = outflow of aqueous humor outflow by pulling trabecular meshwork –> reduce IOP (cholinergic agonists)

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10
Q

Cyclospasm

A

Excess accommodation caused by marked contraction of ciliary muscle (cholinergic agonists)

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11
Q

Cycloplegia

A

Weakening of contraction of ciliary muscle leading to a loss of accommodation

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12
Q

Drugs used to induce mydriasis in eye exams

A

Atropine

Phenylephrine

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13
Q

Atropine

A

Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Used to get mydriasis, cycloplegia (circular muscle, ciliary muscle)

Treat forms of GI hyper motility/incontinence

Counteract excess cholinergic muscarinic activity

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14
Q

Adverse side effects of Atropine

A

Blind, dry, red, hot, mad

Kids especially susceptible to thermogenic effects

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15
Q

Contraindications for Atropine

A

Glaucoma

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16
Q

Manifestations of asthma

A 
Increased mucus
Swelling of bronchial tube lining
Bronchoconstriction
Coughing
Wheezing
SOB
17
Q

Drugs used in asthma patients

A

Epinephrine
B2 Adrinergic Agonists
Ipratropium

18
Q

Diseases involved with COPD

A

Chronic bronchitis

Emphysema

19
Q

Drugs used in COPD patients

A

Ipratropium
Epinephrine
B2 adrenergic receptor agonists
etc

20
Q

Ipratropium

A

Competative muscarinic antagonist

TX: COPD, Asthma, Facilitate B2 Adrenergic agonist effects/those who cant tolerate them

21
Q

MOA of Ipratropium

A

Antagonism of musc receptors in bronchiolar SM: BRONCHODILATION

Antagonism of musc receptors in bronchiolar sub mucosal glands: deacrease mucus secretion

22
Q

Distribution of Ipratropium in CNS

A

LITTLE CNS penetration

23
Q

Drug used in GI/Urinary disorders

A

Atropine

24
Q

Drug used in motion sickness

A

Scopolamine

25
Q

Scopolamine selectivity

A

Competative musc antagonist

26
Q

Scopolamine indications

A

Prevent nausea/vomiting in motion sickness
Pre-anesthetic agent

high CNS

27
Q

Manifestations of cholinergic OD

A

DUMBBELSS
unable to walk, chest tightness, voiding
Loss of consciousness, seizures, death

28
Q

Drugs used to treat organophosphate poisoning/cholinergic OD

A

Atropine

Pralidoxime

29
Q

Ganglionic blocker MOAs

A

block output of ANS at the ganglia by:

  1. competative/stabilizing (trimethephan & mecamylamine)
  2. depolarizing blockade (nicotine)
30
Q

Trimethephan selectivity

A

Competitive, non-depolarizing nicotinic receptor antagonist

31
Q

Trimethephan indications

A

RARE
Controlled reduction of BP during surgery
Treatment of hypertensive emergencies

32
Q

Mechanism of Trimethephan

A

Block ganglionic nicotinic receptors –> vasodilation

33
Q

Mecamylamine selectivity

A

Competitive, non-depolarizing nicotinic receptor antagonist

34
Q

Mecamylamine indications

A

RARE
Management of mod-sev HTN
Nicotine anti-craving tx

35
Q

Mechanism of Mecamylamine

A

Block ganglionic nicotinic receptors–> vasodilation

36
Q

Nicotinic selectivity

A

Depolarizing nicotinic receptor antagonist

Pharm (6 decks)

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