CHOLETSEROLMETAB Flashcards
Effect of Insulin on HMG CoA reductase activity and Cholesterol Synthesis
_HMG CoA reductase activity _Rate of cholesterol synthesis
HMG CoA is reduced to Mevalonate through what enzyme?
HMG CoA Reductase
Effect of Glucagon on AMP, HMG CoA reductase activity and Cholesterol Synthesis
_ATP, _HMG CoA reductase Activity, _Rate of Cholesterol Synthesis
Low Cholesterol’s effect on transcription of HMG CoA reductase gene and Rate of Cholesterol Synthesis
Transcription of HMG CoA reductase gene, Rate of Cholesterol Synthesis
High Cholesterol’s effect on transcription of HMG CoA reductase gene and Rate of Cholesterol Synthesis
Transcription of HMG CoA reductase gene, Rate of Cholesterol Synthesis
Three kinases in Cholesterol Synthesis that is used in the three successive phosphorylations of Cholesterol Synthesis from 5-pyrophosphomevalonate
mevalonate kinase, phosphomevalonate kinase and pyrophosphomevalonate kinase
Enzyme required in the decarboxylation of 5-pyrophosphomevalonate into Isopenteyl pyrophosphate
dipyrophosphomevalonate decarboxylase
Enzyme required to isomerize IPP into DPP
isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase
2 molecules of what substrate is required to form SQUALENE
2 molecules of Farnesyl Pyrophosphate (FPP)
What is the difference in structure between Cholesteryl Ester and Cholesterol?
Cholesterol: -OH is attached to C3, Cholesteryl Ester: fatty acid is attached to C3
Where is the double bond in Cholesterol?
Between C5 and C6
How many molecules of Acetyl CoA are used to synthesize 1 Molecule of Cholesterol?
18
How many ATPs are used to synthesize 1 Molecule of Cholesterol?
36
How many ATPs are used in the conversion of mevalonate to phosphorylated ioprene unit
18
Number NADP used to synthesize 1 molecule of Cholesterol?
16
Number HMG CoA used to synthesize 1 molecule of Cholesterol?
6
What enzyme is inhibited by bile acids and vitamin c deficiency?
cholesterol 7-a hydroxylase
What inhibits the enzyme cholesterol 7-a hydroxylase?
bile acids and deficiency of Vitamin C
what is the rate limiting step of Bile Acid Biosynthesis
Formation of 7-a hydroxy-cholesterol
The conjugate acids of Cholyl CoA
Glycocholic acid and Taurocholic acid
the conjugate acids of Chenodeoxylcholyl CoA
Glycochenodexycholic acid and taurochendeoxycholic acid
Wher are bile salts temporarily stored before being released into the intestines?
Gall bladder
secondary acid Deoxycholic acid comes from what two acids?
taurocholic and glycocholic acid
Secondary acid Lithocholic acid comes from what two acids?
taurochendeoxycholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid
Fates of Bile acids and salts
Enterohepatic circulation and fecal acidic sterols
What is the most potent biologically active form of Vitamin D?
Calcitriol
What kind of hormone is Calcitriol
Hypercalcemic horomone
What absorption does Calcitrol stimulate?
Calcium and phosphorus absorption
