CHOLETSEROLMETAB Flashcards

1
Q

Effect of Insulin on HMG CoA reductase activity and Cholesterol Synthesis

A

_HMG CoA reductase activity _Rate of cholesterol synthesis

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2
Q

HMG CoA is reduced to Mevalonate through what enzyme?

A

HMG CoA Reductase

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3
Q

Effect of Glucagon on AMP, HMG CoA reductase activity and Cholesterol Synthesis

A

_ATP, _HMG CoA reductase Activity, _Rate of Cholesterol Synthesis

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4
Q

Low Cholesterol’s effect on transcription of HMG CoA reductase gene and Rate of Cholesterol Synthesis

A

Transcription of HMG CoA reductase gene, Rate of Cholesterol Synthesis

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5
Q

High Cholesterol’s effect on transcription of HMG CoA reductase gene and Rate of Cholesterol Synthesis

A

Transcription of HMG CoA reductase gene, Rate of Cholesterol Synthesis

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6
Q

Three kinases in Cholesterol Synthesis that is used in the three successive phosphorylations of Cholesterol Synthesis from 5-pyrophosphomevalonate

A

mevalonate kinase, phosphomevalonate kinase and pyrophosphomevalonate kinase

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7
Q

Enzyme required in the decarboxylation of 5-pyrophosphomevalonate into Isopenteyl pyrophosphate

A

dipyrophosphomevalonate decarboxylase

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8
Q

Enzyme required to isomerize IPP into DPP

A

isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase

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9
Q

2 molecules of what substrate is required to form SQUALENE

A

2 molecules of Farnesyl Pyrophosphate (FPP)

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10
Q

What is the difference in structure between Cholesteryl Ester and Cholesterol?

A

Cholesterol: -OH is attached to C3, Cholesteryl Ester: fatty acid is attached to C3

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11
Q

Where is the double bond in Cholesterol?

A

Between C5 and C6

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12
Q

How many molecules of Acetyl CoA are used to synthesize 1 Molecule of Cholesterol?

A

18

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13
Q

How many ATPs are used to synthesize 1 Molecule of Cholesterol?

A

36

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14
Q

How many ATPs are used in the conversion of mevalonate to phosphorylated ioprene unit

A

18

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15
Q

Number NADP used to synthesize 1 molecule of Cholesterol?

A

16

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16
Q

Number HMG CoA used to synthesize 1 molecule of Cholesterol?

17
Q

What enzyme is inhibited by bile acids and vitamin c deficiency?

A

cholesterol 7-a hydroxylase

18
Q

What inhibits the enzyme cholesterol 7-a hydroxylase?

A

bile acids and deficiency of Vitamin C

19
Q

what is the rate limiting step of Bile Acid Biosynthesis

A

Formation of 7-a hydroxy-cholesterol

20
Q

The conjugate acids of Cholyl CoA

A

Glycocholic acid and Taurocholic acid

21
Q

the conjugate acids of Chenodeoxylcholyl CoA

A

Glycochenodexycholic acid and taurochendeoxycholic acid

22
Q

Wher are bile salts temporarily stored before being released into the intestines?

A

Gall bladder

23
Q

secondary acid Deoxycholic acid comes from what two acids?

A

taurocholic and glycocholic acid

24
Q

Secondary acid Lithocholic acid comes from what two acids?

A

taurochendeoxycholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid

25
Fates of Bile acids and salts
Enterohepatic circulation and fecal acidic sterols
26
What is the most potent biologically active form of Vitamin D?
Calcitriol
27
What kind of hormone is Calcitriol
Hypercalcemic horomone
28
What absorption does Calcitrol stimulate?
Calcium and phosphorus absorption