Cholesterol/FAs

Question 1

Cholesterol Pathway

Answer 1

Absorbed and packaged as chylomicrons, secreted into lymph, goes into periphery, Lipoprotein Lipase (LPL) takes off TGs to make it chylomicron remants which return to liver. Liver secretes VLDL, LPL takes off TGs to make IDL which returns to the liver or Hepatic TG Lipase (HL) takes off more TGs to make it LDL which go into tissues or return to liver

Question 2

HDL

Answer 2

Returns cholesterol from periphery to liver/other cholesterol particles via CETP

Question 3

Apo E

Answer 3

Mediates remnant uptake

Question 4

Apo A-I

Answer 4

Activates LCAT so on chylomic and HDL

Question 5

Apo C-II

Answer 5

LPL Cofactor so on chylomic, VLDL, and HDL

Question 6

Apo B-48

Answer 6

Mediates chylomicron secretion

Question 7

Apo B-100

Answer 7

Binds LDL R

Question 8

Abetalipoproteinemia (what it is, what it causes, blood finding, treatment)

Answer 8

Can’t make Apo B-48 or 100, so can’t secrete chylomics, so get buildup of fat/steatorrhea/malab/acanthocytosis of RBCs (spikey). Vitamin E treats

Question 9

Familial Dyslipidemia Type IIa - Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Answer 9

Increased LDL and cholesterol. AD absent or defective LDL Rs. Accelerated atherosclerosis (MI before 20 if double dominant, rare), tendon/Achilles xanthomas, corneal arcus

Question 10

3 Omega 3 FAs

Answer 10

EPA, DHA, and ALA

Question 11

Location of FA Synth and Degradation

Answer 11

Cytoplasm and mt matrix

Question 12

Carnitine Deficiency

Answer 12

Can’t transport LCFAs into mt so get toxic accumulation with hypoketotic hypoglycemia, weakness, and hypotonia