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Pharmacology Quizzes > Cholesterol/Asthma/COPD/Smoking/Hypertensives > Flashcards

Cholesterol/Asthma/COPD/Smoking/Hypertensives Flashcards

1
Q

Statins

A

Lovastatin
Slimvastatin
Atorvastatin

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2
Q

Statin ADRs

A

Myopathy
Increased liver enzymes
Increased blood glucose
Also: Statins are P450 drugs!

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3
Q

Absorption Inhibitors (Cholesterol Meds)

A

Ezetimibe

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4
Q

Ezetimibe ADRs

A

Increased LFTs
Myopathy
URI

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5
Q

Fibric Acids (Cholesterol Meds)

A

Gemfibrozil
Fenofibrate
Fenofibric acid

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6
Q

Fibric Acid ADRs

A

Increased LFTs
Myopathy
GI upset

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7
Q

Miscellaneous Cholesterol Med and ADRs

A 
Niacin (Nicotinic Acid)
Flushing
Increased blood glucose
Hepatotoxicity
Hyperuricemia
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8
Q

Bile Acid Sequestrants (Cholesterol Meds)

A

Cholestyramine
Colestipol
Colesevelam

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9
Q

Bile Acid Sequestrants ADRs

A

GI distress
Constipation
Decreased absorption of other drugs

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10
Q

Omega 3s (Cholesterol Meds)

A

Fish Oil
Lovaza
Vascepa

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11
Q

Omega 3s ADRs

A

Eructation (fishy burps - store in fridge)
Dysgeusia
Dyspepsia
Increased bleeding

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12
Q

New Cholesterol Drugs & ADRs

A 
Lomitapide
PCSK9 Inhibitors (Evolocumab, Alirocumab)
Hepatic steatosis
Increased LFTs
N/V/D
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13
Q

The 5 A’s of Smoking Cessation

A

Ask about smoking at each visit
Advise patients to stop smoking
Assess readiness to quit
Assist patients with medications and educational materials
Arrange follow-up visits to support patient progress

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14
Q

Nicotine Gum and ADRs

A

Nicorette and generics
Mouth and jaw soreness
Hiccups
Dyspepsia

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15
Q

Nicotine Gum Instructions for Use:

A

1 piece q 1-2 hours for 1-3 months

Chew slowly until peppery taste/tingle, park between gum and cheek, once taste gone, chew slowly again

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16
Q

Nicotine Medications Pharmaceutic Company

A

Glaxosmithkline

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17
Q

Nicotine Lozenges and ADRs

A

Commit, Nicorette Mini, and generics
Nausea
HA
Cough

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18
Q

Transdermal Nicotine Patch and ADRs

A 
Nicoderm CQ and generics
HA
Burning
Itching
Tingling
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19
Q

Transdermal Nicotine Patch Instructions

A

Apply patch to different area every day
Do not use same area for at least 1 week
Do not cut patches –> nicotine may evaporate and cause patch to be less effective

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20
Q

Nicotine Inhaler and ADRs

A

Nicotrol Inhaler
Irritation of mouth and throat
Cough
HA

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21
Q

Non Nicotinic Cessation Aid, Warnings, and ADRs

A

Varenicline (oral formulation)
Warnings: suicidal ideation/attempts, hallucinations, depression
ADRs: N/V, flatulence, constipation

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22
Q

2nd Line Smoking Cessation Options and ADRs

A 
Clonidine
Nortriptyline
ADRs:
Dry mouth
Sedation
Dizziness
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23
Q

SABA

A

Albuterol
Levalbuterol
Pirbuterol

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24
Q

SABA ADRs

A

Tachycardia
Tremor
HA

25
Q

Inhaled Anticholinergics

A

Off-label for asthma
Ipratropium
Ipratropium and albuterol

26
Q

Inhaled Anticholinergics ADRs

A

Dry mouth

Increased wheezing

27
Q

Systemic Corticosteroids

A

Prednisone
Methylprednisolone
Prednisolone

28
Q

Systemic Corticosteroids ADRs

A

Weight Gain
Fluid retention
Increased appetite

29
Q

Inhaled Corticosteroids

A

Beclomethsone
Fluticasone
Mometasone

30
Q

Inhaled Corticosteroids ADRs

A

Oral candidiasis
Dysphonia cough
Reflex cough and bronchospasms

31
Q

LABA

A

Salmeterol
Formoterol
Indacaterol

32
Q

LABA ADRs

A

Tachycardia
Tremor
Hypokalemia

33
Q

Leukotriene Modifiers

A

Montelukast
Zafirlukast
Zileuton

34
Q

Leukotriene Modifiers ADRs

A

URI
Fever
HA

35
Q

COPD Anticholinergics

A

Short Acting: Ipratropium

Long Acting: Tiotropium

36
Q

New COPD Inhalers and ADRs

A

Glycopyrrolate
Aclidinium
URI, cough, nasopharyngitis

37
Q

Methylxanthines (COPD)

A

Amirophylline

Theophylline

38
Q

Extreme COPD Medication (Not first line)

A

Roflumilast

ADRs: N/D, sucidality, depression, anxiety

39
Q

Thiazide Diuretics

A

Chlorthalidone
Hydrochlorothiazide
Metolazone

40
Q

Thiazide Diuretics ADRs

A

Hyponatremia
Hypercalcemia
Hyperuricemia

41
Q

Loop Diuretics

A

Furosemide
Bumetanide
Torsemide

42
Q

Loop Diuretic ADRs

A

Hypokalemia
Hyponatremia
Hyperuricemia

43
Q

Potassium Sparing Diuretics

A

Trimterene
Amiloride
Eplerenone

44
Q

Potassium Sparing Diuretic ADRs

A

N/V/D

45
Q

ACEI

A

Captopril
Quinapril
Lisinopril

46
Q

ACEI ADRs

A

Dry cough
Hyperkalemia
Angioedema

47
Q

ARBS

A

Losartan
Valsartan
Candesartan
Can add HCTZ to all

48
Q

ARBS ADRs

A

Cough, angioedema (rare)
Hyperkalemia
Rhabdomyolysis

49
Q

DRI (Direct Renin Inhibitors) and ADRs

Antihypertensive

A 
Aliskiren
ADRs:
Angioedema
Hyperkalemia
Renal impairment
50
Q

Calcium Channel Blockers

A

Two Groups:

  1. Diltiazem and Verapamil (heart)
  2. Dihydropyridines (arterioles)
51
Q

Dihydropyridines (CCBs)

A

Amlodipine
Nifedipine
Clevidipine

52
Q

Diltiazem and Verapamil ADRs

A

Nausea
Dizziness
Rash

53
Q

Dihydropyridine ADRs

A

Edema
HA
Flushing

54
Q

Beta Blockers

A

Propranolol
Metopranolol
Atenolol

55
Q

Beta Blockers ADRs

A

Bradycardia
Fatigue
ED

56
Q

Alpha Agonists

A 
Clonidine
Methyldopa (gestational HTN)
57
Q

Clonidine (AA) ADRs

A

Dry mouth
Sedation
ED

58
Q

Methyldopa (AA) ADRs

A

Fatigue
HA
Hemolytic anemia

Pharmacology Quizzes (13 decks)

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