Cholera case Study

Question 1

What is cholera

Answer 1

Diarrhoeal disease that’s is caught by ingesting food or drink containing VIBRIO CHOLERAE

Question 2

How does V.Cholerae cause bacteria

Answer 2

10^8 vibrios are ingested

Some of these vibrios will survive in the acidity of stomach

They’ll multiply in alkaline conditions of the smelly intestines

Loss of potassium ions causes muscle cramps

Watery diarrhoea

Question 3

Signs and symptoms of cholera

Answer 3

Fever

Vomiting

Profuse diarrhoea

Wrinkly skin

Sunken eyes

Urine production stops

Loss of body fluid results in low blood pressure

If left untreated patient can die within 12-24 hrs

Question 4

The cause of cholera

Answer 4

John snow: A WATER BOURNE AGENT ENTERS BY MOUTH MULTIPLIES IN THE GUT AND EXITS VIA FAECES

max von pettenkofer: CHOLERA GERM RESIDES IN THE SOIL AND UNDER CERTAIN CONDITIONS WILL CAUSE MIASMA

Question 5

Cholera and public health

Answer 5

Occurred in the industrial revolution

In 1836 it was compulsory to register the number of births and deaths

Poor people had the highest mortality rate

Edwin Chadwick identified poor living conditions as the cause

Question 6

What conditions favour cholera

Answer 6

Where clean water and effective sewage systems lack

Poverty

Displacement

Climate change

War

Natural disaster

Question 7

Vaccines against cholera

Answer 7

DUKORAL: provides 2 yr protection. Mainly used by travellers. Requires clean water for administration

SHANCOL & EVICHOL: gives 65% for up to 5 yrs. does not require clean water for administration

ALL VACCINES REQUIRE 2 DOSES

Question 8

Treatment for cholera

Answer 8

Oral rehydration therapy