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Photosynthesis > Chloroplasts and photosynthetic pigments > Flashcards

Chloroplasts and photosynthetic pigments Flashcards

1
Q

what is an heterotrophic organism

A

Ability to digest complex molecules and break them down into simpler ones

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2
Q

What are the products of photosynthesis

A

glucose c6 h12 06
oxygen 6o2

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3
Q

what organelle does photosynthesis take place in

A

Chloroplasts

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4
Q

what are examples of autotrophic organisms

A

plants, algae, bacteria

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5
Q

what is the diameter of a chloroplast

A

2-10 micrometres

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6
Q

Chloroplasts have a double membrane envelope containing the inner membrane and outer membrane. Describe the permeability.

A

The outer membrane is permeable to ions and molecules

The inner membrane is less permeable and contains transport proteins that only allow certain ions to enter/leave chloroplast.

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7
Q

Chloroplasts have numerous grana, what is an advantage of this?

A

Increases the surface area

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8
Q

the thylakoids and grana create a membrane system with a large surface area and large number of pigment molecules. What does this ensure

A

increases distribution of photosystems which contain photosynthetic pigments to trap as much light energy as possible

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9
Q

Where is chlorophyl and photosynthetic pigments held

A

In a photosystem in a Thylakoid membrane

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10
Q

what colours of light is absorbed by chlorophyll

A

Red and blue light is absorbed.
Green light is reflected

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11
Q

What gives chlorophyll its green colour

A

the reflected green light it doesnt absorb

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12
Q

what are the accessory pigments

A

Carotene
Xanthophyll

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13
Q

What type of ribosome does the stroma contain

A

70s ribosomes

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14
Q

what is a photosynthetic pigment?

A

pigment that absorbs specific wavelengths of light and traps light energy

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15
Q

what is the stroma and what does it contain

A

Starch grains, 70s ribosomes, loop of dna, lipid droplets, enzymes

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16
Q

what does the chloroplasts loop of dna code for

A

proteins used in photosynthesis

17
Q

the grana is surrounded by the stroma (fluid filled matrix). How is this beneficial

A

products of the light dependent stage can easily be passed to the stroma to be used for the light independent stage

18
Q

Where does the light dependent stage occur

A

grana

19
Q

how do photosystems work

A

pigments absorb light of particular wavelengths
This energy associated with the light is funnelled down to the primary pigment reaction centre

20
Q

there are two types of chlorophyll a. What is the differnece between the two.

A

Cholorphyll A P680
- appears in photosystem II.
Peak of wavelength absorption is 680nm

Chlorophyll B- P700
appears in photosystem I. Peak of absorption is 700nm

21
Q

what colour do chlorophyll a and b appear

A

A- blue-green
B- yellow green

22
Q

What are the two accessory pigments

A

Carotene
Xanthophyll

23
Q

Describe carotene
- what colour light it absorbs
- what wavelength it absorbs
- what colour it appears

A

carotene- absorbs blue light, wavelength 400-500nm.
-reflects orange/yellow.

24
Q

Describe Xanthophyll
- what colour light it absorbs
- what wavelength it absorbs
- what colour it appears

A

-blue and green light absorbed
- wavelengths of 375-550
- reflects yellow

25
Q

what is a thylakoid

A

flatted membrane bound sac inside chloroplasts which contain photosynthetic pigments

26
Q

what is a grana

A

stack of thylakoids

27
Q

what takes place in the grana

A

light dependent stage

28
Q

what takes place in the stroma

A

light independent stage

29
Q

why is it beneficial that the stroma surrounds the grana

A

because the products from the light dependent stage which takes place in the grana can easily pass into the stroma.

30
Q

grana increases surface area in the chloroplasts, why is this beneficial

A

higher distribution of photosystems and photosynthetic pigments, to trap light energy

more electron carriers and ATP synthase.

31
Q

thylakoids contain photosystems, what shape is a photosystem

A

funnel shaped structure

32
Q

what is at the bottom of the funnel/photosystem

A

primary pigment reaction centre.
energy captured with wavelengths of light is funnelled to the bottom of the photosystem

33
Q

what is the primary pigment reaction centre

A

chlorophyll a- located at the base of the funnel shaped photosystem

34
Q

what wavelength does chlorophyll b absorb

A

400-500nm

35
Q
A

Photosynthesis (5 decks)

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