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Clinical Chemistry 2 - CEUMLS - C > Chloride > Flashcards

Chloride Flashcards

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1
Q

the only anion that serves as an enzyme-activator

A

Cl

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2
Q

these electrolytes almost always exists as one

A

Na & Cl

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3
Q

It is considered to be the chief counter ion of Na in plasma

A

Cl

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4
Q

an anion that is excreted in urine and sweat

A

Cl

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5
Q

It is almost completely absorbed by the intestinal tract

A

dietary Cl

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6
Q

it maintains plasma osmolality and blood vol in conjunction with Na

A

Cl

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7
Q

It maintains electroneutrality and an enzyme activator

A

Cl

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8
Q

give the reference range of Cl in serum/plasma and urine (24hrs)

A

serum/plasma: 98-107mmol/L
urine (24hrs): 110-250 mmol/d

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9
Q

It is an amylase activator

A

Chloride

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10
Q

This is freely filtered by the glomerulus

A

Cl

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11
Q

reabsorbed in the proximal tubules

A

Cl

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12
Q

It stimulates aldosterone secretion which involves the retain of Cl- and Na+

A

perspiration

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13
Q

It passively follows Na+

A

Cl

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14
Q

when there is perspiration this hormone is stimulated because you need retain Na+

A

Aldosterone

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15
Q

Excessive loss of HCO3-

A

hypercholeremia

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16
Q

Excessive Cl- loss

A

Hypocholeremia

17
Q

Elevated blood HCO3-

A

Hypocholeremia

18
Q

chief counter ion of sodium

A

chloride

19
Q

reabsorption of Na is dependent in the availability _?

A

Cl

20
Q

it is due to metabolic alkalosis, renal tubular acidosis, and GIT loss

A

Hyperchloremia: Excessive loss of HCO3-

21
Q

it involves salt-losing nephropathies, aldosterone defieciencies, vomitting, and diabetic ketoacidocis

A

Hypochloremia: Excessive loss of Chloride

22
Q

In chloride shift, the CO2 will form Carbonic Acid by an enzyme called?

A

Carbonic Anhydrase

23
Q

it is the most abundant anion in the blood

A

chloride

24
Q

it is because of compensated respiratory acidocis, metabolic alkalosis,

A

Hypochloremia: Elevated HCO3-

25
Q

In maintenance of electrone neutrality HCO3- exits the cell with __?

A

Na+

26
Q

In order to maintain the electroneutrality, Cl which is abundant in plasma will enter the cell along with __?

A

K+

27
Q

enumerate and explain the specimen variables involved in chloride:

A

• marked hemolysis - because of dilutional effect (false decrease)
• interfering substances - Bromide, Cyanide, Cysteine (false ^)

28
Q

give the specimen for lab analysis of chloride

A

serum, heparinized plasma (lithium heparin), 24hr Urine, sweat

29
Q

what are the 4 lab methods of chloride?

A

1) schales and schales (mercurimetric titration
2) spectrophotometric methods
3) coulometric amperometric titration (cotlove chloridemeter)
4) Ion selective Method

30
Q

Indicator: diphenylcarbazone
endproduct?
method?

A

EP: HgCl2
M: Schales and Schales

31
Q

other term of schales and schales

A

mercurimetric titration

32
Q

A lab method with reddish complex

A

spectrophotometric methods, mercuric thiocyanate

33
Q

A lab method with Colored Complex

A

Spectro, Ferric Perchlorate

34
Q

What is the membrane ion selective electrode

A

tri-n-octylpropylammonium chloride alcohol

35
Q

mercuric chloride is an end product of a lab method giving what color?

A

M: schales and schales
Color: blue violet

36
Q

In this lab method, the number of Ag and Cl- is the same

A

Coulometric Amperometric Titration

37
Q

Other name of Coulometric Amperometric Titration

A

cotlove chloridemeter

38
Q

what would happen if there’s no aldosterone?

A

no reabsorption of sodium in DCT

39
Q

these interfering substances are also measured as chloride when performing chemical methods or coulometry

A

bromide, cyanide, cysteine

Clinical Chemistry 2 - CEUMLS - C (8 decks)

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