Chloride Flashcards
the only anion that serves as an enzyme-activator
Cl
these electrolytes almost always exists as one
Na & Cl
It is considered to be the chief counter ion of Na in plasma
Cl
an anion that is excreted in urine and sweat
Cl
It is almost completely absorbed by the intestinal tract
dietary Cl
it maintains plasma osmolality and blood vol in conjunction with Na
Cl
It maintains electroneutrality and an enzyme activator
Cl
give the reference range of Cl in serum/plasma and urine (24hrs)
serum/plasma: 98-107mmol/L
urine (24hrs): 110-250 mmol/d
It is an amylase activator
Chloride
This is freely filtered by the glomerulus
Cl
reabsorbed in the proximal tubules
Cl
It stimulates aldosterone secretion which involves the retain of Cl- and Na+
perspiration
It passively follows Na+
Cl
when there is perspiration this hormone is stimulated because you need retain Na+
Aldosterone
Excessive loss of HCO3-
hypercholeremia
Excessive Cl- loss
Hypocholeremia
Elevated blood HCO3-
Hypocholeremia
chief counter ion of sodium
chloride
reabsorption of Na is dependent in the availability _?
Cl
it is due to metabolic alkalosis, renal tubular acidosis, and GIT loss
Hyperchloremia: Excessive loss of HCO3-
it involves salt-losing nephropathies, aldosterone defieciencies, vomitting, and diabetic ketoacidocis
Hypochloremia: Excessive loss of Chloride
In chloride shift, the CO2 will form Carbonic Acid by an enzyme called?
Carbonic Anhydrase
it is the most abundant anion in the blood
chloride
it is because of compensated respiratory acidocis, metabolic alkalosis,
Hypochloremia: Elevated HCO3-
In maintenance of electrone neutrality HCO3- exits the cell with __?
Na+
In order to maintain the electroneutrality, Cl which is abundant in plasma will enter the cell along with __?
K+
enumerate and explain the specimen variables involved in chloride:
• marked hemolysis - because of dilutional effect (false decrease)
• interfering substances - Bromide, Cyanide, Cysteine (false ^)
give the specimen for lab analysis of chloride
serum, heparinized plasma (lithium heparin), 24hr Urine, sweat
what are the 4 lab methods of chloride?
1) schales and schales (mercurimetric titration
2) spectrophotometric methods
3) coulometric amperometric titration (cotlove chloridemeter)
4) Ion selective Method
Indicator: diphenylcarbazone
endproduct?
method?
EP: HgCl2
M: Schales and Schales
other term of schales and schales
mercurimetric titration
A lab method with reddish complex
spectrophotometric methods, mercuric thiocyanate
A lab method with Colored Complex
Spectro, Ferric Perchlorate
What is the membrane ion selective electrode
tri-n-octylpropylammonium chloride alcohol
mercuric chloride is an end product of a lab method giving what color?
M: schales and schales
Color: blue violet
In this lab method, the number of Ag and Cl- is the same
Coulometric Amperometric Titration
Other name of Coulometric Amperometric Titration
cotlove chloridemeter
what would happen if there’s no aldosterone?
no reabsorption of sodium in DCT
these interfering substances are also measured as chloride when performing chemical methods or coulometry
bromide, cyanide, cysteine
