Chirality Intro Flashcards
Chiral Molecules
Can’t be superimposed on it’s mirror images. Has no identical substituents (stereoisomer Carbons).
Enantiomers Def
Molecules that are chiral. Have no lines symmetry. Mirror image can’t be superimposed (due to substituents never matching up). Posses different physiochemical properties due to different alignments of drug-enzyme receptors, has the same physio-chemical properties (eg melting points) but different optically active
Achiral Def
Symmetrical line. Mirror images can be superimposed
Why are enzymes chiral
Amino acids are chiral
Constitutional/Structural Isomers
Compounds with the same molecular formula. Different bond patterns
Stereo Isomers
Compounds with the same molecular formula and the same bond pattern. 2 Types
Confirmational Isomers
Compounds with the same molecular formula, stereo isomers. Rotates around a single bond
Configurational Isomers
Compounds with the same molecular formula, stereo isomers. Doesn’t rotate around a single bond
Chiral Carbons
A carbon with 4 different substituents. Stereogenic center
How enantiomers deflect light
Same angle but opposite directions (mirror images)
Dextrorotary Def
enantiomer that deflects light at a positive in an angle. In a clockwise direction
Levorotary Def
Enantiomer that deflects light at a negative angle. In an anticlockwise angle
Racemic Mixture Def
50:50 mix of dextororotary and levorotary enantiomers. Give no optical rotation as angles balance out to net 0 degrees (optically inactive)
Specific Rotation Calc
strength of optical activity = (observed rotation)/((conc x path length)
Concentration in specific rotation calc
g/ml
path length in specific rotation calc
decimeteres
