CHING Flashcards
The IBC classifies the construction of a building according to the fire resistance of which major elements?
Structural frame
Exterior & interior bearing walls
Non-bearing walls & partitions
Floor & roof assemblies
What is a dead load?
Dead loads are static loads acting vertically downward on a structure, comprising the self-weight of the structure and the weight of building elements, fixtures and equipment permanently attached to it.
Which two types of loads must the structural system of a building be able to support?
- Static Loads - applied slowly to a structure until it reaches its peak value without fluctuating rapidly in magnitude or position (i.e. live loads, occupancy loads, snow loads, rain loads)
- Dynamic Loads - applied suddenly to a structure, often with rapid changes in magnitude and point of application. There are two major types: wind loads & earthquake loads.
What is a live load?
Live loads comprise any moving or movable loads on a structure resulting from occupancy, collected snow and water, or moving equipment. A live load typically acts vertically but may act horizontally as well to reflect the dynamic nature of a moving load.
How is equilibrium achieved when a lateral load applied at a distance above grade generates an overturning moment at the base of a structure?
Equilibrium is achieved when the overturning moment is counterbalanced by an external restoring moment (dead load = 50% > than overturning moment) + internal resisting moment (columns & shear walls)
What is underpinning?
Underpinning refers to the process of rebuilding or strengthening the foundation of an existing building, or extending it when a new excavation in adjoining property is deeper than the existing foundation.
What is dew point?
Dew point is the temperature at which air becomes saturated with water vapour.
What is mean radiant temperature?
MRT is the sum of the temperature of the surrounding walls, floors, and ceiling of a room, weighted according to the solid angle subtended by each at the point of measurement.
What is a heat pump?
Heat pumps are electronically powered heating and cooling units. For cooling, the normal refrigeration cycle is used to absorb and transfer excess heat to the outdoors. For heating, heat energy is drawn from the outdoor air by reversing the cooling cycle and switching the heat exchange functions of the condenser and evaporator.
Most useful in moderate climates where heating and cooling loads are almost equal.
What factors should you consider in the selection, design and installation of an HVAC system?
Performance, efficiency, cost, life span, power source, flexibility to serve different zones, layout of distribution system, space requirements, structural requirements
What is a septic tank?
A septic tank is a covered watertight tank for receiving the discharge from a building sewer, separating out the solid organic matter, which is decomposed and purified by anaerobic bacteria, allowing the clarified liquid to discharge for final disposal.
What is embodied energy?
Embodied energy includes all of the energy expended during the life cycle of a material.
What is a life cycle assessment?
A life cycle assessment encompasses the extraction and processing of raw materials, manufacturing and packaging, transportation of the finished product tot he point of use, maintaining the material in use, the possible recycling and reuse of the material, and its final disposal.
What is a softwood?
Softwood is from any of various predominantly evergreen, cone-bearing trees, such as pine, fir, hemlock, spruce and used for general construction.
What is a hardwood?
Hardwood is the wood from a broad level flowering tree, such as cherry, maple or oak, and typically used for flooring, paneling, furniture & interior trim.
