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AP GOV > China Test > Flashcards

China Test Flashcards

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0
Q

What is democratic centralism?

A

A communist belief in a small group of leaders who make decisions for the people

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1
Q

What is the Mandate of Heaven?

A

Right to rule guided by the empire from heaven above

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2
Q

Was democratic centralism a component of both Leninism and Maoism?

A

Yes

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3
Q

What are the key elements of Confucianism?

A

Emphasizes the importance of order and harmony, hierarchical society, and loyalty to family

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4
Q

What are the key elements of Mao’s version of communism?

A

Emphasizes self reliance and struggle, egalitarian social structure, and loyalty to the state/Mao

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5
Q

What are some Chinese programs that were directly inspired by the Soviet Union?

A

Five Year Plans, land reform, and civil reform

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6
Q

What is the largest ethnic group in China?

A

The Han Chinese

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7
Q

How likely are citizens to join non-governmental organization in China? In Russia?

A

In China- many do but the organizations don’t have much influence
In Russia- many Russians don’t

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8
Q

What are some of the problems and political incidents that have come from ethnic differences in China?

A

Tibetans feel dissented, Muslim Uyghurs want to create a separate Muslim state, Tibetan torch riots, riots in Xinjiang

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9
Q

What is Hukuo?

A

The household registration system that makes it difficult to move from one place to another

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10
Q

Who has been impacted by Hukuo?

A

It affects workers that move from city to city in search of jobs

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11
Q

How does the military influence politics in China? In Russia?

A

In China- the military works closely with the government

In Russia- the military is used by Putin but doesn’t have influence on policy

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12
Q

What is the Chinese Politburo?

A

The policy making committee in the CCP

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13
Q

Who makes political policy in China?

A

The CCP

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14
Q

What is the direct election process in China?

A

Local elections are the only direct elections in China

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15
Q

How does the direct election process in China compare to that of the UK?

A

The UK has direct elections and have choice among candidates from different parties but the party controls who runs for each party

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16
Q

What is guanxi?

A

Having personal connections….how people get high up government jobs

17
Q

What is the Shanghai Gang?

A

A group of people that work for Zemin that pushed for capitalism and open door trading policies

18
Q

Who leads the Shanghai Gang?

A

Kiang Zemin

19
Q

Describe the corruption in China?

A

Corruption is widespread with many bribes occurring; the guanxi and economic boom have contributed to the corruption

20
Q

What is the danwei system?

A

Social units based on a person’s work provided for by the government; it provided medical care, housing, daycare, recreational facilities, as well as, job/income

21
Q

What is state corporatism?

A

Organizations are created and approved by the state and government heads are the officials

22
Q

How is state corporatism implemented in China?

A

Only one organization is allowed per profession/activity

23
Q

What are the 3 parallel hierarchies of the Chinese political structure?

A

The Communist Party, the State, and the People’s Liberation Army

24
Q

What is the National People’s Congress?

A

The top Congress in government

25
Q

Why is the National People’s Congress so important to Chinese politics?

A

It is supposed to be the people’s legislature (their representation)

26
Q

Who is the head of government in China?

A

The Premier

27
Q

Describe the judiciary in China.

A

It consists of a 4 tiered “people’s court”

28
Q

How has the judiciary changed since Mao?

A

Before rule of law had little influence in the judiciary, but today it is highly influential

29
Q

What is the relationship between the CCP and PLA?

A

They are both intertwined; the CCP controls the PLA

30
Q

What is dual role?

A

Vertical watch from the next higher level and horizontal watch by the CCP

31
Q

What are some recent democratic reforms in China?

A

Input from the National People’s Congress is heard in the Politburo, more emphasis is placed on laws and legal procedures, village elections are now semi-competitive

32
Q

What is the one child policy?

A

A program to ensure each couple only had one child

33
Q

What are some problems that have come from China’s one child policy?

A

It has caused an unequal male to female ratio, and there are not enough young people to care for the abundant elderly

34
Q

What is Mao’s iron rice bowl policy?

A

The state set production quotas and distributed basic goods to consumers

35
Q

Who makes up China’s floating population?

A

Rural migrants seeking job opportunities in cities

36
Q

How does China’s consumer economic practices compare to those in the US?

A

Many Chinese save extra money they have rather than spend it

37
Q

Why is Chinese people saving money a problem for China?

A

It makes China more dependent on other countries buying it’s goods because it doesn’t have a strong consumer market

38
Q

What is the trade relationship between China and the U.S.?

A

It’s an open trade policy; the U.S. imports a lot more from China than it exports to China

39
Q

How do most Chinese leaders feel about Taiwan?

A

Most leaders feel that it should be brought back under Chinese control.

40
Q

Compare the process of political socialization in China and the UK?

A

China-not much most people don’t participate in government and even if they did there is only one party they can register for
UK- family, media, background, and social class

AP GOV (16 decks)

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