China Summary - 2021 - Key facts Flashcards
How much has China’s GNI improved?
Up 3 places from 29th to 26th in the world over the last 10 years
Name one example of infrastructure that has been built in China?
Colleges and universities
Zhuhai-Macau 55km bridge
Shanghai Port (largest in the world)
School of mathematics
Why did the UK provide so much foreign aid to China in the 1970s
To help with a tsunami
What countries does China particularly trade with?
Japan (despite historical issues)
Indonesia, Philippines
India, Pakistan
USA
What’s the main port in China
Shanghai
When did Shanghai start exporting goods via its port?
1840s
Which river is increasingly being used for industrialisation
Mekong River
Which countries suffer from China’s use of the Mekong river
Thailand, Laos, Vietnam
Which sea does China want control over
South China Sea
Which countries have historically invaded China and removed their sense of control?
Japan, UK (Opium Wars)
Where are the majority of Chinese people from?
The heartland,
It’s the Han people
What does the Grand Canal do?
Joins the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers, and allows water to get from the heartland to Beijing
Which major cities, inland, are growing rapidly along the rivers
Chongquing, and Chengdu
Centres for finance, logistics, ICT and high-quality agriculture research
Which countries is China acting aggressively towards?
Philippines
What did France see as so attractive in the China in the 1800s
Fashion, architecture.
What feature of education has really enabled the growth of tertiary sector?
Shanghai Maths, students are ahead of British counterparts
How much has GNI grown?
GNI has more than doubled from $3.57k per capita in 2005 to $10.41k per capita in 2021.
Which part of China has benefitted the most from economic growth?
The east. It’s become the core.
The west has become the periphery.
How do TNCs exploit china’s workforce
They pay them lower than minimum wages, e.g. the workers in the Foxconn factory in Suzhou (just outside of Shanghai)
Name a dominant Chinese company that has grown up because of eco growth
Huawei and the Alibaba Group are amongst 40 such companies who employ the 996 schedule (12 hours a day, 6 days a week)
What are the negative socioeconomic consequences of economic growth?
RUM (Rural-Urban Migration) leads to cultural dilution An elderly, ageing population do not have anyone to look after Gender imbalance (170 men to 100 women in some villages
How much has GDP (PPP increased by)
From $5.02k in 2005 to $10.41k in 2021, better quality of life.
What have been the environmental negative consequences of economic growth
60% of underground water is polluted. 44% of cities with poor quality water.
83% of China exposed to unhealthy air quality.
Pollution causes 17%of deaths in China: Beijing PM 2.5 density is 90, anything above 25 is dangerous
How have Chinese TNCs in China taken advantage of globalisation
Copy catting
What has tax income been reinvested into to enable even more globalisation
Reinvested in infrastructure, accelerating growth and eventually bringing people into the tertiary quaternary job sectors
How does the mulitiplier effect benefit Chinese population?
Each successive generation becomes wealthier, with increased consumer spending doing power
And better infrastructure reducing travel times
What are the problems of economic growth for society?
Increased wealth gap / generational pay gap / EW split
BUT, will those people in the west just move to the east?
How important is research and development for China’s economy?
It’s counts for 10% of GDP
I.e. it creates 10billion of income for China in a year
How many warships does China have?
roughly 330
How many people live in the Pearl River Delta?
66 million
How are western TNCs taking advantage of Chinese workers?
Companies such as Foxconn, are one of the exploited companies by Apple, as the company tends to get paid between 1-2% of the phones retail price
How much has Foreign Direct investment grown?
$19million (1990) to $300million in 1999
FDI now makes up 5.8% of China’s GPD (productivity)
