China Short Answers

Question 0

Media

Answer 0

• 1949-1980s almost all media was state run
• some independent media has emerged, but state fun media outlets still hold the largest share of the market
• Xinhua: official press agency of the government
• peoples daily: newspaper for the central committee of the ccp, depends on Xinhua for much of its info
• Chinese central television (cctv) is the major state tv broadcaster
• all media outlets are subject to heavy censorship by the gov
• several regulatory agencies that constantly monitor subjects that are considered taboo
• Chinese media has become increasingly commercialized as economic liberalization has taken place. Resulting in growing competition, a wider diversity of content, and an increase in investigating reporting

Question 1

the Great Leap Forward

Answer 1

-1958-1966 (Mao)
-in an effort to free china from soviet domination
-spirit of nationalism was force behind this policy
-unhappy with degree of inequality
:a utopian effort to transform china into a radical egalitarian society
-based on four principles (mainly economic)
1. All around development: equal emphasis on agriculture, not just heavy industry
2. Mass mobilozation: effort to turn sheer numbers of people into an asset, better motivation, harder work, less unemployment
3. Political unanimity and zeal: party workers running gov, not bureaucrats
4. Decentralization: more pole on the local level, less central control
-did not live up to its name, Mao had to counter tradition

Question 2

National peoples congress

Answer 2

• top of the system of people’s congresses
• hierarchical through provincial, city, and local congresses
• chooses the president and the vp of china
• only one party sponsored candidate for each position
• congress doesn’t have that much power, but politburos decisions are formally announced then
• example is xi jinpings presidency was announced then

Question 3

Population policy

Answer 3

• Mao thought that polo pupation policies were imperialist tools
• china introduced a two child policy (19.5)
• the one child policy
  
  • deng xiaoping
  • late marriages, free contraceptives, abortions, and sterilizations were provided to families
  • penalties such as fines were imposed on families that didn’t follow
  • relaxed in rural areas (labor) but reinstated due to births not being reported
  • dropped to 18
• female infanticide and unprop genders
• exceptions with single parents, minorities, rural areas

Question 4

Tiananmen Square

Answer 4

• Beijing, student protest
• caused by death of hu yaobang
• goal of social equality
• 400 cities nationwide
• enforcement of martial law
• Chinese killing their own
• 1989