China And Japan Flashcards
ming dynasty
The Ming dynasty was the ruling dynasty of China—then known as the Empire of the Great Ming—for 276 years following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty
Qing dynasty
The Qing dynasty, officially the Great Qing, also called the Empire of the Great Qing or the Manchu dynasty, was the last imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 with a brief, abortive restoration in 1917.
examination system
The examination system was the basic support for the ongoing study of the Confucian classics during late-imperial times and could be said to have been the impetus behind the school curriculum that was followed all over China, even at the level of the village school for young boys.
Taiping rebellion
The Taiping Rebellion or Taiping Civil War was a massive rebellion or civil war in China that lasted from 1850 to 1864, which was fought between the established Manchu-led Qing dynasty and the millenarian movement of the Heavenly Kingdom of Peace.
beijing
Beijing, China’s massive capital, has history stretching back 3 millennia. Yet it’s known as much for its modern architecture as its ancient sites such as the grand Forbidden City complex, the imperial palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties.
treaty of nanking
The Treaty of Nanking or Nanjing was a peace treaty which ended the First Opium War (1839–42) between the United Kingdom and the Qing dynasty of China on 29 August 1842. It was the first of what the Chinese later called the unequal treaties because Britain had no obligations in return.
opium war
The Opium Wars were two wars in the mid-19th century involving Anglo-Chinese disputes over British trade in China and China’s sovereignty.
Taiwan
Taiwan is a small island nation 180km east of China with modern cities, traditional Chinese temples, hot springs resorts and dramatic mountainous terrain.
empress
a woman emperor or the wife of an emperor. emperor - the male ruler of an empire.
ci xi
Empress Dowager Cixi, of the Manchu Yehenara clan, was a Chinese empress dowager and regent who effectively controlled the Chinese government in the late Qing dynasty for 47 years from 1861 until her death in 1908.
self strengthening
a period of institutional reforms initiated in China during the late Qing dynasty following a series of military defeats and concessions to foreign powers.
Imperial city
The Imperial City, also known as Cyrodiil City, is the capital of the Imperial Empires, ancient capital of the Ayleids, and home of the White-Gold Tower.
porcelain
a white vitrified translucent ceramic
boxer rebellion
In 1900, in what became known as the Boxer Rebellion (or the Boxer Uprising), a Chinese secret organization called the Society of the Righteous and Harmonious Fists led an uprising in northern China against the spread of Western and Japanese influence there.
Tokugawa shogunate
The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the Tokugawa bakufu (徳川幕府 ?) and the Edo bakufu (江戸幕府 ?), was the last feudal Japanese military government, which existed between 1603 and 1867.
Commodore perry
Matthew Calbraith Perry was a Commodore of the United States Navy and commanded a number of ships. He served in several wars, most notably in the Mexican–American War and the War of 1812.
consulate
the place or building in which a consul’s duties are carried out.
eta
the seventh letter of the Greek alphabet ( Η, η), transliterated as ‘e’ or ‘ē.’
edo
a member of a people inhabiting the district of Benin in Nigeria.
hermit kingdom
Hermit kingdom is a term applied to any country, organization or society which willfully walls itself off, either metaphorically or physically, from the rest of the world
isolationism
a policy of remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups, especially the political affairs of other countries
dutch learning
a body of knowledge developed by Japan through its contacts with the Dutch enclave of Dejima, which allowed Japan to keep abreast of Western technology and medicine in the period when the country was closed
junks
is an ancient Chinese sailing ship design that is still in use today.
queue
a line or sequence of people or vehicles awaiting their turn to be attended to or to proceed.
hsuan yeh
May 4, 1654- 1722, Dec. 20, second Emperor of the Ch’ing dynasty, who ruled during the years 1661- 1722
philology
Philology is the study of language in written historical sources;
extraterritoriality
Extraterritoriality is the state of being exempted from the jurisdiction of local law, usually as the result of diplomatic negotiations.
unequal treaties
a term applied to any of a series of treaties signed with Western powers during the 19th and early 20th centuries by Qing dynasty China and late Tokugawa Japan after suffering military defeat by the foreign powers or when there was a threat of military action by those powers
yangtze river
The Yangtze River known in China as the Cháng Jiāng or the Yángzǐ Jiāng ….. Later on it was the earliest part of the Yangtze valley to be integrated into the North Chinese
toyotomi hideoyoshi
Toyotomi Hideyoshi was a preeminent daimyo, warrior, general, samurai, and politician of the Sengoku period who is regarded as Japan’s second “great unifier”
meiji
The Meiji Restoration (明治維新 Meiji Ishin ?), also known as the Meiji Ishin, Renovation, Revolution, Reform, or Renewal, was a chain of events that restored practical imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji
