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Social Studies > China > Flashcards

China Flashcards

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1
Q

After the fall of the Han Dynasty, China entered into what?

A

Period of Division

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2
Q

What did Buddhist Merchants and Monks spread?

A

They spread their Faith from India

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3
Q

Who were the 2 Emperors of the Sui Dynasty

A

Wen and Yang

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4
Q

What did Emperor Wen do when he was in Power?

A

He worked to spread Faith

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5
Q

What did the Sui create?

A

Large capital City

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6
Q

What Dynasty followed the Sui

A

Tang Dynasty

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7
Q

How did the Tang Dynasty further unite China?

A

Restating traditional beauracracy

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8
Q

Who was Empress Wu?

A

The only woman who ruled in China

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9
Q

What was the Song Dynasty born out of ?

A

Turmoil.

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10
Q

How long did the Song Dynasty last?

A

from 960 to 1279 c.e.

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11
Q

What did Song leaders take action to control?

A

Influence of military leaders

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12
Q

How did Song leaders avoid going to battle?

A

Offered large amounts of money to make other countries fight for them.

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13
Q

What did Song rulers implement to manage their empire?

A

National civil service

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14
Q

What did the Song Dynasty continue to build on?

A

Agricultural, commercial and tech developments of the Tang Dynasty

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15
Q

What fueled urbanization during the Song Dynasty?

A

Agricultural advancement and reform

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16
Q

The new rice strain caused what to happen?

A

Allowed people to produce a bunch of rice/food

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17
Q

What increased during the Song Dynasty?

A

the availability of cheap goods

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18
Q

what did the many rivers and streams of the region facilitate?

A

Shipping

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19
Q

What did the Song Government commission?

A

Human-made waterways

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20
Q

The Mongols were Nomads that lived on the steppes of Mongolia, they kept to themselves by doing what?

A

Herding, hunting, archery and riding horses.

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21
Q

Who united the Mongol confederations?

A

Temujin

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22
Q

By the time Khan died, where did his empire stretch?

A

From Mongolia to the Caspean Sea

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23
Q

What major city did the Mongols destroy?

A

Northern China

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24
Q

What did Kublai Khan eventually conquer?

A

The Song Dynasty

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25
Q

What did the Mongols forcibly do?

A

Relocated people and cultural diffusion

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26
Q

What did Kublai Khan stop using?

A

civil service exam

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27
Q

What did strict laws against crime lead to?

A

increase in trade

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28
Q

The Mongols promoted what?

A

Trade, diversity and tolerance

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29
Q

What did Hong Wu reinstate?

A

Civil Service

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30
Q

What does Hong Wu create?

A

Violations

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31
Q

Although he was a harsh ruler, what did Hong Wu make a crime?

A

Protecting poor peoples land

32
Q

What did Yongle order to be built and what was it called?

A

He ordered a new imperial city and it was called the Forbidden City

33
Q

What was Yongle’s best known building project?

A

The Great Wall of China

34
Q

What did the tributary system allow for?

A

Less advanced civilizations

35
Q

Why was the Ming Dynasty money spending a problem?

A

Because people were going hungry.

36
Q

Who ultimately conquered the Ming Dynasty?

A

Chinese Rebels

37
Q

What did officials eventually convince the new emperor of?

A

Convinced him that voyages cost too much.

38
Q

What did Yongle want Zheng He to do?

A

He wanted him to build a fleet of ships

39
Q

A system of government in which land is exchanged for loyalty and services is called what?

A

Feudalism

40
Q

The members of what Clan were established as the rulers of Japan?

A

Yamato Clan

41
Q

Describe the life for the ordinary people of Japan.

A

Grew tired of paying taxes to support the fancy lifestyle of the court because they were struggling to survive. Some refused to pay their taxes and others moved away from the court and placed themselves under the protection of wealthy landowners.

42
Q

Over time, who did more people begin to seek protection from?

A

From landowners.

43
Q

What did this protection give the landowners?

A

More influence over political affairs.

44
Q

Who are the Samurai?

A

A private army of warriors.

45
Q

What was the role of the Samurai?

A

To help the landowners become Shogun.

46
Q

List the power structure of feudal Japan

A

Emperor, Shogun, Daimyo, Samurai, Ronia, Peasants, Artisans, Merchants.

47
Q

What is the name of the regional lords under the Shogun?

A

Daimyo

48
Q

What were the Daimyo in charge of?

A

They were in charge of large pieces of land.

49
Q

What did the Daimyo pledge and promise to the Shogun?

A

The support of their armies

50
Q

What did the Samurai pledge their loyalty and service to?

A

the local lords called the Daimyo

51
Q

Who did the Samurai NOT pledge their loyalty to?

A

Central Government

52
Q

Who are the Samurai similar to?

A

Medieval Knights of Europe

53
Q

How young did Samurai begin training?

A

From birth, as soon as they could talk

54
Q

What else did they have to learn?

A

Read and write.

55
Q

What did Samurai become experts in?

A

Fencing, wrestling, horseback riding and archery

56
Q

The codes governing the way of the warrior is called what?

A

Bushido

57
Q

What did the Samurai warriors learn to balance?

A

Zen traditions of serenity and kindness toward all creatures.

58
Q

What is the base of the Bushido?

A

Honor, bravery and loyalty.

59
Q

What is Bushido similar to with Knights in Europe?

A

The Samurai

60
Q

What group attempted to attack Japan?

A

Mongols

61
Q

Whose leadership were the Mongols under?

A

Kublai Khan

62
Q

Was Kublia Khan successful in these attacks?

A

No, he tried to take over Japan twice and failed both times.

63
Q

Oda Nobunaga attempted to do what?

A

Unite Japan but was unsuccessful

64
Q

Although Oda was unsuccessful at uniting Japan, what was he able to do?

A

Reduce the power of the clan leaders.

65
Q

Who did unite Japan?

A

Toyotomi Hideyoshi

66
Q

What did the Portuguese have that the Japanese showed interest in?

A

They had Guns.

67
Q

After the arrival of the Portuguese, what happened?

A

A lively trade developed and thousands of Japanese became Christians.

68
Q

Who became the Shogun in 1603?

A

Tokugawa

69
Q

What was Tokugawa determined to do?

A

Bring order to the country.

70
Q

What did Ieyasu and Tokugawa rulers do out of fear of the Europeans conquering them?

A

Isolated Japan from the Westerners

71
Q

What did the Shoguns outlaw?

A

Christianity

72
Q

What did the Shoguns ban?

A

Foreign travel and trade.

73
Q

What did the Shoguns stop building?

A

Large ships

74
Q

How long were the Japanese in isolation?

A

250 years

75
Q

Who forced Japan out of isolation?

A

Matthew Perry, an American Naval Officer

Social Studies (4 decks)

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