china Flashcards
explain one negative impact of rapid economic development on human health
- urban areas air pollution caused by vehicle emissions = health problems eg. lung disease = bronchitis
- increasing disposable income = obesity
explain two socio-economic differences between regions
= Shanghai has a higher population density than Gansu (1), Shanghai’s coastal location has seen it grow as an important port attracting workers (1).
= aging population in periphery = migration of workers due to improved infrastructure built from TNC WEALTH IN THE CORE
explain how transport effects development
= higher airport capacity = encourages global shift + outsourcing
= capital investment in airports = more jobs
explain how economic growth could lead to demographic change
= higher economic growth leads to lower fertility rates = as family becomes used to the idea that children survive AND women choose career over children = lower population growth
= aging population = better healthcare = higher life expectancy
explain one way in which outsourcing affects economic development
= capital investment by TNCs for infrastructure = encourages multiplier effects = other companies co-locate = further job opportunities
= provides training and increased education = makes labour force more employable = demand higher wages = increased consumer spending power
explain one reason why economic growth leads to a higher level of all types of pollution
= economic growth a result of industrialisation = releases greenhouses gasses eg. carbon dioxide = leads to air pollution
= economic growth leads to rising demand for fossil fuels = which release pollution when burned in factories = and waste which is dumped in land fills
explain two negative impacts of growth in secondary sector
= increased air pollution due to the burning of fossil fuels
= dangerous conditions for workers due to lack of health and safety regulations
= workers are exploited as they are working long hours and for little pay
explain two reasons why GDP per capita is often lower in the periphery
= low paid jobs due to lack of investment
= infrastructure poorly developed which makes trading more difficult
= fewer people of working age/ more retired living in periphery = many unfilled job vacancies
= fewer industries/ businesses = leads to less highly paying jobs
explain two ways geopolitical relationshops have effected development
= china joined World trade organisation in 2001 = prevent a war = permits easier trade with other countries around the world
= border disputes with India = china needs water from TIBET (Himalayas) = hinder development as unreliable source of water = lead to unhealthy population
Suggest one way in which systems of governance can cause inequalities.
== Government policy which focus on development in specific regions (1) increases inequalities between wealthy / poor regions (1) for example the investment in new infrastructure in urban areas (1)
= in countries where corruption is high, government officials may make poor decisions regarding public finances (1). A lack of investment in health services (1) may result in lower life expectancies (1).
Explain two ways economic development can lead to water pollution.
ndustrial activity (1) can release chemicals into local water sources (1). The disposal of rubbish in rivers (1) can release chemicals into water sources (1).
