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Chile Flashcards

1
Q

What conquistador founded Santiago & continued to plant the 1st vines in chile?

A

Pedro de Valdvia

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2
Q

where did the mission grape arrive in Chile from?

A

Canary Islands

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3
Q

Claude Gay brought what to Chile’s wine scene?

A

French cuttings in 1830s

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4
Q

Vina la Rosa & Carta Vieja where early producers to do what around 1824?

A

pull out spanish varieties & plant French “noble” vines”

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5
Q

Who is considered the “father of Chilean wine”?

A

Silvestre Ochagavia
winery Vina Ochagavia

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6
Q

Originally most of Chile’s vines were not centered around Santiago. Where were they?

A

Concepcion

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7
Q

Who is Chile’s largest producer?

A

Concha y Toro

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8
Q

What is the group of small independent producers in chile?

A

Movi

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9
Q

What group would you find producers like Garage Wine Co, Montescano & Sigla?

A

Movi

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10
Q

When did Chile have the phyloxera epidemic?

A

It never has

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11
Q

2 Producers are associated with the Rothschild name. Site the prodcuers and the difference?

A

Domaine Barons de Rothschild-lafite owns Los Vascos
Baron Phillipe de Rothschild partners in Almaviva w/ CYT

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12
Q

Vina Aquitania is associated with which French juggernauts?

A

Cos d’Estournel, Chateaux Margaux

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13
Q

What legends are part of Eduardo Chadwick?

A

Mondavi & Vina Errazuriz

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14
Q

Where is William Fevre’s project located?

A

Maipo

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15
Q

Liger Belair works with which properties?

A

Pedro Parra - Aristos
Errazuriz

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16
Q

The mainland of Chile lies between which latitudes?

A

17 - 53

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17
Q

At its widest point, Chile is _________ kilometers

A

350

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18
Q

What is the name of the desert at the North end of chile?

A

Atacama desert

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19
Q

What are the 5 sectors of Chile

A

Norte Grande
Norte Chico
Zona Central
Zona Sur
Zona Austral

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20
Q

What is the most southern DO? What latitude?

A

Chiloe 42

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21
Q

what is the mountain range that runs along the coast chile?

A

Cordilleras de al Costa

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22
Q

Name the basic climates of the 3 main winegrowing zones of Chile

A

Norte Chico- Hot arid
Zona Central- Warm Mediterranean
Zona Sur- Wet Maritime

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23
Q

When was the DO system put into place?

A

1994

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24
Q

What is the name of the cold water ocean current affecting Chile’s vines?

A

Humboldt Current

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25
Q

The coastal regions of Chile benefit from a high diurnal shift. True of False?

A

False, the Humboldt current suppresses diurnal

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26
Q

the Andes vineyards do not get coastal inlfluence, what helps them moderate?

A

Wind from Andes, elevation of course

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27
Q

Coastal Ranges of Chile have an older or younger soil than the Andes? What type & cool Nick name?

A

Older
Granite rock/ Metamoriphic
“Soils of Pangea”

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28
Q

Soils in the north are younger- for Example, Leyda- Granite with more quartz which does what for the vines?

A

leaves room for air, more water retention
More vigorous vines

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29
Q

In the south soil is older, less quartz so Bio Bio has

A

More tight soils and less vigor

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30
Q

What was the minimum alcohol decreed by law #18,455?

A

11.5%

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31
Q

Describe the flow of the Chilean DO hierarchy?

A

Region Viticola (Valle Central)
Subregions (Valle del Maipo)
Zones
Area (Puente Alto)

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32
Q

law requires what percentage of grape, vintage & origin in chile?

A

75% but most follow EU standard 85%

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33
Q

Would a producer be allowed to put Pais on a wine label?

A

No, that variety is not allowed on the label.

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34
Q

What is the most planted grape in Chile?

A

Cab Sauv

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35
Q

Why did Carmenere disappear from Bordeaux vineyards?

A

Difficult to graft

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36
Q

What are the grape parents of Carmenere?

A

Cab Franc x Gros Cabernet

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37
Q

What will minimize the pyrazines in Carmenere?

A

Sunlight
Harvested in May 2 wks after Cab

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38
Q

What producers makes a high end wine called “Kai”? What about “Carmin de Peumo”

A

Errazuriz
CYT
Both Carmenere vareital bottlings

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39
Q

locals drinking pipenos would most likely be drinking what grape?

A

Pais

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40
Q

Principal Grapes of pisco? Mainly Muscat:
Moscatel (muscat de Alexandria)
Moscatel Rosado
Moscatel de Austria
Torontel
Name the last?

A

Pedro Jimenez

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41
Q

Would a Chilean Pisco Sour use egg white?

A

No or the bitters, they do prefer Pica lemon

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42
Q

What growing DOs are within the Coquimbo Region

A

Elqui Valley
Limari Valley
Choapa Valley

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43
Q

Fill in the blank
Region Viticola - Coquimbo
Subregion- Norte Chico
Zone- ___________________
Areas- La Serena, Vicuna, Paiguano

A

Valle de Elqui DO

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44
Q

What are some impactful climate features of Elqui

A

Elevation, intense sunlight, dry/ arid

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45
Q

Many vineyards in the Elqui Valley would fall intot the Entre Cordilleras? True or False?

A

False, only Coasta / Andes areas

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46
Q

La Serena lies on the Coast, where are Vicuna & Paiguano areas located? What makes them special?

A

Andes foothills, highest growing region in Chile

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47
Q

Elqui’s guiding light producer is

A

Vina Falernia

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48
Q

At what elevation would you find the highest Chilean vineyards? what producer is “hiding in the caves” up here?

A

2200 meters, Vinedos de Alcohuaz

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49
Q

What is the star grape of the Elqui Valley?

A

Syrah

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50
Q

Name the 4 areas of the Limari DO

A

Ovalle
Monte Patria
Puntiaqui
Rio Hurtado

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51
Q

Limari is a bright spot for Chardonnay, what unique soil contributes to this

A

Calcareous soils, similar to Terra Rossa of Coonawarra
Coastal proximity
Open valleys on 2 sides

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52
Q

Limari sits at what parrelel?

A

30th- limit for winegrowing

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53
Q

What do they call the fog in Limari

A

Camanchaca

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54
Q

Which area has the most pontential for quality?

A

Ovalle- only area defined as “Costa”
Also is capital

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55
Q

What 2 areas are in Choapa DO?

A

Salamanca
Illapel

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56
Q

What is the 1 winery based in Choapa?

A

Domaine de Manson (MOVI)

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57
Q

What are the subregions

58
Q

What 3 subregions lie within the Aconcagua Region?

A

Aconcagua
Casablanca
San Antonio

59
Q

There are 9 areas within Aconcagua sub region. can you name them?

A

Hijuelas
Panequehue
Catemu
Llaillay
San Felipe
Santa Maria
Calle larga
Quillota
San Esteban

60
Q

Aconcagua DO crosses through all 3 Andes, En Cord, Costa, True or false?

61
Q

Aconcagua runs a bit warmer near the coast because of______

A

High elevations within Coastal range

62
Q

Although warm, what helps produce refreshing whites in Aconcagua Costa area?

A

Schist, Slate soils

63
Q

The Eastern most zone near San Felipe, lends its self to what varities?

A

Grenache, Mouvedre

64
Q

Where are you most likely to find Cab in the Aconagua?

A

Entre Cordierllas

65
Q

Who is the most important producer in Aconcagua valley. What Wine put them & chile on the luxury map?

A

Vina Errazuriz
Sena- bordeaux blend made with mondavi

66
Q

Eduardo chadwick of Errazuriz organized what blind tasting in what year to showcase Chile

A

Berlin Tasting
2004

67
Q

Casablanca Valley is named for the river running through it, T/ F?

A

False
Named for the town

68
Q

Despite its lattitude toward the equator, what allows Casablanca to be a cool climate?

A

Break in the coastal ranges
Humboldt current flows cool air in
Foggy

69
Q

Casablanca has to battle ___________ by putting large wind machines in the vineyard

A

Spring Frost

70
Q

which region has wider diurnal? Limari or Casablanca?

A

Casablanca

71
Q

who pioneered Casablanca plantings? Which producers followed?

A

Pablo Morandé of CYT

Villard
Veramonte

72
Q

What issues are Casablanca facing?

A

Cimate change, too warm
Underground irrigation water depleting

73
Q

In what region would you find producers Casas de Bosque & Kingston Family?

A

Casablanca

74
Q

In Casablanca you would find grafted vines or “own-rooted”?

A

Grafted
No phylloxera but have nematodes issue

75
Q

Casablanca is most like what growing region of California

A

Central coast
Sta. Rita Hills

76
Q

What is the sole key zone of Valle de San Antonio?

A

Leyda valley

77
Q

where would you find areas:
Cartagena
Algarrobo
San Juan
Santo Domingo
Lo Abarca

A

San Antonio valley

78
Q

San Antonio valley has a long history of winegrowing. T/ F?

A

False
not planted until 1998

79
Q

Most planted grape in San Antonio? What is the star are for it? What do some say the style is like?

A

Sauv blanc
Leyda
Marlborough

80
Q

There are 3 “subzones” of San Antonio, what are they?

A

Leyda DO
Lo Abarca DO
Rosario (unofficial)

81
Q

Leyda is cool due to roximity to coast but _________ subzone is cooler & even closer to the coast. What is a top producer here

A

Lo Abarca
Casa Marin

82
Q

What is the warmest subzone of San Antonio? name the producer and key planting?

A

Rosario
Matetic
Syrah

83
Q

What are the regions within Valle Central?

A

Maipo
Rapel
Curico
Maule

84
Q

It is typical to get more rainfall North of Santiago than South? T/F?

A

False
More rain as you move South

85
Q

What is the warmest area of Zona Central?

A

Rapel Valley

86
Q

Maipo Costa/ Maipo Baja is offically in the Costa cross section?

A

False
Its an unofficial term used wit Medio Maipo and Alto Maipo

87
Q

What Areas of Maipo would you find properly in the Andes cross section?

A

Puente Alto
Pirque

88
Q

What is a major challenge for historic Maipo vineyards?

A

Urban expansion

89
Q

What are some classic producers in the Maipo

A

CYT
Santa Rita
Santa Carolina
Cousino Macul

90
Q

what are some of the top Bordeux style wines produced at altitude int he Maipo?

A

Don Melchor
Almaviva
Vinedo Chadwick
Antiyal from Espinoza
Caca Real from Santa Rita

91
Q

what makes Puento Alto so great?

A

Gravel soils
Elevation

92
Q

What other grape might you find in the warmer, clay based, Medio maipo?

93
Q

Who is considered the “terroir specialist” and plants in Isla de maipo DO area

A

De martino

94
Q

Name another DO area in the medio de Maipo

95
Q

Which 2 zones lie within the Rapel Valley DO

A

Cachapoal
Colchagua

96
Q

What is Chile’s most planted subregion?

97
Q

Rapel river was formed at the confluence of which rivers?

A

Cachapoal
Tinguiririca

98
Q

Which DO is closer to the ocean, Cachapoal or Colchagua?

99
Q

Cachapoal is trying to emerge from behind Colchagua for quality by growing____________

100
Q

Grapes that are ______ Ripening will most likely be found in Entre Cordilleras cross section

A

Late ripening like Carmenere
no fear of Spring frost (harvest time)

101
Q

What is a notable DO area of Cachapoal for Carmenere

102
Q

Name 2 wines labeled as Peumo (unusual)

A

Herencia- Sant Carolina
Carmin de Peumo- CYT

103
Q

Where would you find producers like Altair, Anakena, Clos de Fous? who has the highest vineyard in this area

A

Alto Cachapoal
Clos de Fous from Pedro Parra

104
Q

What is the most famous DO area of Colchagua?

105
Q

The Entre Cordilleras vineyards of Colchagua are centered around what town/ DO area?

A

Santa Cruz
Peralillo
Marchigue

106
Q

what are the Costa areas of Colchagua

A

Lolol
Pumanque
Paredones

107
Q

2 Andes DO areas of Colchagua exist. What are they

A

San Fernando
Chimbarongo

108
Q

What are the top 2 DO zones for vineyard acreage?

A
  1. Maule
  2. Colchagua
    If you had Colchagua + Cachapoal (full rapel) then more acreage
109
Q

Name some producers of the Colchagua

A

Cono Sur
Viu Manent
Casa Silva
Lapostolle
Los Vascos
Araucano
Montes
Neyen
Koyle

110
Q

What river would be associated with Apalta

A

Tinguiririca

111
Q

What climactic/ soil features help Apalta achieve greatness

A

Valley Open to southern warmth
Coast range blocks winds/ rain
Sunshine hours reduced
well drained granite soils
Hillside plantings

112
Q

What producer is planting even further up the Andes foothills near Los Lingues?

113
Q

Curico Valley marks a shift from what Politcal zone to the next?

A

From O’Higgins Administrative Region to Maule Region

114
Q

Curico has 2 zones named for its Rivers, what are they

A

Teno
Lontue

115
Q

Are you prone to see Teno or Lontue zones on a Curico wine label

116
Q

What are the 4 DO Areas around the city of Curico?

A

Sagrada Familia
Rauco
Romeral
Molina

117
Q

Which Do area of Curico is in the Costa Area

118
Q

What grape has been misidentified for Sauv Blanc in Chile?

A

Sauvignon Vert (Friulano)

119
Q

Who brought modern winemaking to Chile in 1979 and was based in Curico? What vineyard still has 100 yr old vines ? Who is most important producer now?

A

Miquel Torres
Manso de Velasco
Vina Echeverria

120
Q

Where are you most likely to find plantings of Sauv blanc by Curico’s new champions?

A

Andes
the Costa is too remote

121
Q

If you see a “parron” training system in Maule what variety would it likely be?

A

Table grapes
Overhead training system

122
Q

Long known for bulk production, What is making Maule a new an exciting region for wine?

A

Cabernet Franc is proving better suited than Cab Sauv
Pais is 2nd most planted
Old vine Carignan
Old Vine Malbec
Old Vine Semillon

123
Q

What might a Chileano call a head trained vine?

124
Q

What agency is formed by growers and trying to Perserve Carignan?

125
Q

If you want to use VINGO on the label what rules do you follow?

A

85% Carignan
Dry framed
head trained
30 yr old vines +
Grafted Ok
Remainder of blend also dry farmed, head trained from Maule
2 yrs age

126
Q

The Zona Sur marks a notable change in climate

A

from Mediterranean to more maritime
Transitional area

127
Q

What rivers flow through itata valley

A

itata
Nuble

128
Q

What is most planted grape in Itata

129
Q

Irrigation is common in Itata, T/ F?

130
Q

What 2 varieties are being replanted and are signature style components

A

Moscatel de Alejandria (Muscat de Alexandria)
Cinsualt

131
Q

Itata is know for producing Muscat as a fortified sweet wine, T/ F?

A

false
dry style, restrained

132
Q

After the Coastal ranges have diminished, what range pops up to protect Bio Bio from coastal winds?

A

Nahuelbuta

133
Q

What variety is the most planted in Bio Bio

A

Pinot Noir

134
Q

Itata valley is one of chile’s oldest vine growing regions , T/ F?

A

True
19th century
60-80 yr old Muscat and cinsault
100 yr old pais

135
Q

what are the 3 subregions of Zona Sur

A

Itata
bio bio
Malleco

136
Q

What is the center of Viticulture in Malleco DO

A

Traiguen Area

137
Q

although sparse and filled with civil unrest, 2 wines are mentioned as bright stars in Malleco DO

A

Vina Aqutiania’s Sol de solo
Pedro Parra/ Clos de Fous

138
Q

What is most produced in wet, rainy Malleco

A

Pinot
chard

139
Q

What is Chile’s most rainy growing Region

A

Austral Region (1800mm/ 70 inches)

140
Q

Undurraga’s Rafael Urrejola planted a vineyard near what parrelel & limit of growing?

A

46th parellel

141
Q

what is being grown in Austral

A

SB
Chard
Pinot Noir

142
Q

What are the 2 DO subregions of Austral

A

Valle del Cautin
Valle de Osorno

Adv. Somm Exam (17 decks)

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