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WSET 3 > Chile > Flashcards

Chile Flashcards

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WSET ® Level 1 Spirits flashcards WSET ® Level 3 Spirits flashcards WSET ® Level 2 Wine flashcards WSET ® Level 1 Wine flashcards WSET ® Level 3 Wine flashcards WSET ® Level 2 Spirits flashcards WSET® Level 4 Wine flashcards
1
Q

Chile’s vineyards range over an area that covers more than ___ from north to south but rarely more than ___ from east to west.

A

900km
100km

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2
Q

What are the four main geographic features that influence Chile’s wine growing areas?

A

Andes Mountains
Coastal Mountains
Pacific Ocean
Central Valley

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3
Q

Climate of Chile

A

Warm Mediterranean climate
- Northern regions - hotter and drier
Southern regions - cooler and wetter

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4
Q

The dry, sunny growing season ensures that ___.

A

the grapes reliably ripen and fungal diseases are kept to a minimum.

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5
Q

Is irrigation allowed in Chile?

A

Yes, but water for irrigation is diminishing.

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6
Q

What two Pacific Ocean climate drivers can influence Chile’s weather?

A

・El Niño: increases rainfall and humidity
・La Niña: can increase drought conditions

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7
Q

___ flows up from Antarctica and prevailing winds blow ___ to the inland.

In areas very close to the coast this can also include ___.

This effect of the wind is the strongest in the areas where the ___ are ___, and in the parts of the valleys that lie closest to the ___.

A

Humboldt Current
cool air

fog

costal mountains
at their lowest
pacific

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8
Q

What is the most planted grape variety, of either color, in Chile?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

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9
Q

Cabernet Sauvignon
7,10

A

7 Ripe black fruit, herbaceous.
10 Merlot, Carmenere, Syrah

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10
Q

What are the 5 most common red grapes planted in Chile?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Carmenère
Syrah
Pinot Noir

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11
Q

Merlot
3,11

A

3 Medium- fuller
11 Inexpensive

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12
Q

Which red grape is the trademark of Chile?

A

Carmenere

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13
Q

Carmenere
3,5,7

A

3 Full bodied
5 High tannin
7 Black fruit, Herbaceous

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14
Q

Syrah is planted all over Chile, but from ___ Valley it’s lighter in body with ___ and from ___ Valley it’s fuller in body with ___.

A

Lighter: Elqui Valley
pepperly notes

Fuller: Colchagua Valley
a greater intensity of black fruit flavours

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15
Q

Where in Chile does Pinot Noir shows its best?

A

In cool, coastal regions such as San Antonio Valley or Casablanca Valley.

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16
Q

What are the two dominant white varieties planted in Chile?

A

Sauvignon Blanc (does better in cooler sites)
Chardonnay

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17
Q

Where does Sauvignon Blanc perform better?

A

Cooler vineyard sites such as San Antonio Valley or Casablanca Valley.

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18
Q

Sauvignon Blanc from San Antonio Valley or Casablanca Valley
4,7,9,12

A

4 High acidity
7 Ripe apple, citrus, tropical flavours and sometimes herbaceous
9 Sometimes oaked
12 Some have added richiness and texture from lees stirring and oak.

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19
Q

What grape is Limarí Valley known for?

A

Limarí is known for making high-quality Chardonnay.

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20
Q

Chardonnay from Limari Valley
4,7,9,12

A

4 Medium - high acidity
7 Citrus, stone fruit
9 Often oaked
12 Often added richiness and texture from lees stirring and oak.

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21
Q

What role does Muscat of Alexandria play in Chile?

A

Muscat of Alexandria is the 3rd most planted white grape and it is mostly used for Pisco production, not wine.

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22
Q

Coquimbo Region lies south of the ___.

A

Atacama Desert

23
Q

What are the three subregions of the Coquimbo Region?

A

From north to south:

Elqui Valley
Limarí Valley
Choapa Valley

24
Q

Vineyard plantings are relatively ___ compared with other regions but quality tends to be ___.

A

small
high

25
Q

Benefits from climate in Coquimbo.

A

・Sunshine
・Cooling influences from sea breezes or mountain air.
・Some of them are being planted at very high altitude.

26
Q

The biggest challenge in Coquimbo region is___.

A

lack of water
Water isn’t as plentiful here as it is in the southern regions.

27
Q

Irrigation in Coquimbo region?

A

Irrigation is essential but expensive because water is less plentiful compared with other region.

28
Q

Grape varieties in:
・Elqui Valley
・Limari Valley

A

・Sauvignon Blanc and Syrah
・High quality Chardonnay

29
Q

What are the 3 subregions of Aconcagua Region?

A

From north to south:

Aconcagua Valley
Casablanca Valley
San Antonio Valley

30
Q

The Aconcagua is the ________ wine regions in Chile.

A

second smallest

31
Q

How do Casablanca Valley and San Antonio Valley differ from Aconcagua Valley?

・Location

A

Casablanca and San Antonio Valleys
・lie between the coastal mountains and the Pacific

Aconcagua Valley
・lies between the Coastal Range and the Andes

31
Q

How do Casablanca Valley and San Antonio Valley differ from Aconcagua Valley?

・Climate

A

Casablanca and San Antonio Valleys
・cooler than Aconcagua Valley - morning fogs and afternoon winds that blow in off the ocean

Aconcagua Valley
・hotter than Casablanca and San Antonio Valleys

31
Q

How do Casablanca Valley and San Antonio Valley differ from Aconcagua Valley?

・Soils

A
32
Q

How do Casablanca Valley and San Antonio Valley differ from Aconcagua Valley?

・Colour of grapes

A

Casablanca and San Antonio Valleys
・more white grapes planted

Aconcagua Valley
・more red grapes planted

33
Q

Red grapes in Aconcagua valley
・Traditional reds 5,6,7
・In recent years

A

Cabernet Sauvignon ☆
Syrah
Carmenere

・5 High tannin
　6 High alcohol
　7 Rich, ripe fruit flavours

・Reducing alcohol levels, more freshness and complex fruit flavours.

= As a result, plantings are less focused on the fertile valley floor and have spread either onto the slopes or towards the coast.

34
Q

What is San Antonio Valley’s cool area ?

A

Leyda Valley zone

35
Q

Grape varieties in Leyda Valley zone

A

Sauvignon Blanc

Pinot Noir and Chardonnay also perform well in Leyda Valley.

36
Q

Casablanca Valley Grape variety and its aroma.

A

Syrah
Peppery

37
Q

Central Valley region focuses on high-quality or inexpensive wines?
from which grape varieties?

A

Inexpensive fruity wines often made from Merlot and Chardonnay.

38
Q

Central Valley is a ___ area that is ___ and known for making uncomplicated, everyday wine.

A

large, flat
warm

39
Q

What are the 4 subregions of the Central Valley?

A

From north to south:

Maipo Valley
Rapel Valley
Curicó Valley
Maule Valley

40
Q

Maipo is just south of which city in Chile?

A

Santiago, the capital.

41
Q

Maipo Valley Grape Variety

A

Elegant Cabernet Sauvignon with minty character

42
Q

Maipo Valley is ___ by ___ (so no ___) and its superior sites are in the ___, which are cooled by the ___, lending ___ to the wines.

A

enclosed

mountains

coastal influence

Andean foothills

descending air

elegance

43
Q

The Rapel Valley is divided into 2 zones. What are they?

A

Cachapoal Valley
・north side of Rapel
・warmer of the two
・no ocean breezes
・Carmenere, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah

Colchagua Valley
・south side of Rapel
・Larger and more varied area
・Center part is warm and open to some ocean influence. Well known for full bodies reds, particularly cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah and Caemenere.

Further to the west, the cooling influence becomes greater and some high quality white wines can be produced.

44
Q

What is the area within Colchagua Valley that has gained renown for producing high-quality wines?

A

Apalta

45
Q

Curicó and Maule Valleys

The ___ make these the most important sources of fruit for ___ wines.

A

warmth and fertile soils
inexpensive blended red and white

46
Q

Grape Varieties in Curicó and Maule Valleys

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Sauvignon Blanc
Merlot
Chardonnay

47
Q

The vineyards in Maule Valley are ___ than those of Curico Valley and the wine retain a higher ___.

A

cooler
acidity

48
Q

What grape variety is a rising star in the Maule Valley?

They have been ___ (and forgotten about) for decades has been rediscovered in recent years by producers. These ancient vines produce ___.

A

Carignan

dry farmed
full-bodied Carignan

49
Q

What are the 3 subregions of the Southern Region?
Which one is the smallest?

A

From north to south:

Itata Valley
Bío Bío Valley
Malleco Valley (smallest)

Cooler and wetter further south they are located.

50
Q

Grape varieties in Itata Valley and Bio Bio Valley

A

País
Muscat of Alexandria

51
Q

What are some promising varieties grown in Bío Bío Valleys?

A

Pinot Noir
Chardonnay
Some aromatic varieties

52
Q

Grape varieties in Malleco

A

Chardonnay
Pinot Noir

WSET 3 (19 decks)

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