Children Literature Flashcards
The Clown of God
Author: Tomie dePaola
Illustrator: Tomie dePaola
Plot: A poor orphan boy who learns to juggle and makes baby Jesus smile
Theme: Making people happy by doing what he loves to do
Main Characters: Giovanni
Setting: Italy
Strega Nona
Author: Tomie dePaola
Illustrator: Tomie dePaola
Plot: Big Anthony causes the title character’s magic pasta pot to create so much pasta that it nearly flooded and buried a town.
Theme: Be careful of being too boastful and not to listen or you will suffer the consequences
Main Characters: Big Anothony & Strega Nona (Grandma Witch)
Setting: Italy
The Empty Pot
Author: Demi
Illustrator: Charlotte Dumaresq Hunt
Plot: Whoever can grow a beautiful flower can be emperor
Theme: If you are honest you might be rewarded
Main Characters: Emperor and Ping
Setting: China
Arrow to the Sun
Author: Gerald McDermott
Illustrator:
Plot: A boy trying to find his father, asks around the town and is sent up to the sun to complete tasks to find out the sun is his father
Theme:
Main Characters: Sun god and son
Setting: Pueblo Indian tale (Vague location)
In the Beginning: Creation Stories from around the World
Author: Virginia Hamilton Illustrator: Barry Moser Plot: Different ways other cultures explain their beginning story Theme: Main Characters: Setting:
D’Aulaires’ Book of Greek Myth
Author/Illustrator: Ingri and Edgar Parin D’ Aulaire
Plot: Shows the relationships between the characters
Theme:
Main Characters:
Setting:
Animal Alphabet
Author: Bert Kitchen Illustrator: Plot: Theme: Main Characters: Setting:
Aesop’s Fables
Author: Aesop Illustrator: Milo Winter Plot: Theme: Main Characters: Setting:
Anno’s Counting Book
Author: Mitsumasa Anno Illustrator: Plot: Theme: Main Characters: Setting:
Noah’s Ark
Author: Peter Spier Illustrator: Plot: Theme: Main Characters: Setting:
the Oxford Illustrated Book of American Children’s Poems
Author: Donald Hall Illustrator: Plot: Theme: Main Characters: Setting:
Where the Sidewalk Ends
Author: Shel Silverstein Illustrator: Plot: Theme: Main Characters: Setting:
The Tale of Peter Rabbit
Author: Beatrix Potter Illustrator: Plot: Theme: Main Characters: Setting:
The Snowy Day
Author: Ezra Jack Keats Illustrator: Plot: Theme: Main Characters: Setting:
The Very Hungry Caterpillar
Author: Eric Carle Illustrator: Plot: Theme: Main Characters: Setting:
Lobel’s Book of Mother Goose
Author: Arnold Lobel Illustrator: Plot: Theme: Main Characters: Setting:
The Jolly Postman
Author: Janet and Allan Ahlberg Illustrator: Plot: Theme: Main Characters: Setting:
The Talking Eggs
Author: Robert D. San Souci Illustrator: Plot: Theme: Main Characters: Setting:
Cinderella
Author: Marcia Brown Illustrator: Charles Perrault Plot: Theme: Main Characters: Setting:
Why Mosquitos Buzz In People’s Ears
Author: Verna Aardema Illustrator: Jerry Pinkney Plot: Theme: Main Characters: Setting:
Lon Po Po
Author: Ed Young Illustrator: Plot: Theme: Main Characters: Setting:
Once a Mouse
Author: Marcia Brown Illustrator: Plot: Theme: Main Characters: Setting:
Stone Soup
Author: Marcia Brown Illustrator: Plot: Theme: Main Characters: Setting:
The Tale of Peter Rabbit
Beatrix Potter
The Snowy Day
Ezra Jack Keats
The Very Hungry Caterpillar
Eric Carle
Lobel’s Book of Mother Goose
Arnold Lobel
The Jolly Postman
Janet and Allan Ahlberg
Cinderella
Marcia Brown
Charles Perrault
The Talking Eggs
Robert D. San Souci
Why Mosquitos Buzz In People’s Ears
Verna Aardema
Illustrator: Jerry Pinkney
Lon Po Po
Ed Young
Once a Mouse
Marcia Brown
Stone Soup
Marcia Brown
William Caxton
In 1476, brought 1st printing press to England which allowed lower book prices;
books were sold for PENNIES (chapter books) by peddlers (chaps)
John Bunyan
wrote Pilgrim’s Progress which offers children and adults an adventure AND moral improvement
Charles Perrault
wrote down/translated fairytales from French(cinderella) ; Contes de ma Mere I Oye (Tales of Mother Goose!!!) was Perrault’s first book, written from oral tradition (didn’t create);
first to recognize that fairytales had special place w/ children. Also wrote down Le Petit Chaperon rouge (Little Red Riding Hood), Cendrillon(Cinderella), Le Chat Botté (Puss in Boots), La Belle au bois dormant (The Sleeping Beauty) and La Barbe bleue (Bluebeard)
John Locke
proposed the tabula rasa (“blank tablet”) view of children = children are not innately bad but acquired their characteristics through experience;
advised parents to spend time with kids and help them become contributing members of society; recommended Aesop’s and Reynard the Fox for children;
Children should be LED in search for knowledge
Jean Jacques Rousseau
believed children were born knowing right from wrong; wrote Emile which describes child’s growth; children should be ACCOMPANIED in search for knowledge; mild, rational approach to edu the young;
stressed importance of harmony b/t child’s natural physical and mental development
William Blake
wrote poetry ABOUT children, not TO children; wrote towards Industrial Revo/beginning of Romantic
Daniel Defoe
wrote Robinson Crusoe - written for adults but read by children bc they conveyed ideal moral values of hard work and self sufficiency
The Brothers Grimm
Wilhelm and Jacob translated oral German tales; Wilhelm (poetic) wanted to tell tales in new form for children; Jacob (scholarly) wanted to keep tales in most original form;
1st book published in 1812
John Newbery
“The Father of Children’s Literature”, wrote A Little Pretty Pocket Book for children – attempted to teach alphabet using games, fables, rhymes; published 20 books for children w/ intent to entertain; his success opened door for other publishers of children’s lit
Randolph Caldecott
illustrator who conveyed action, joy, and humor; illus The Diverting History of John Gipin, Te Fox Jumps Over the Parson’s Gate, Hey Diddle Diddle Picture Book
Early Sunday School
1720s – 1840s, literature written specific for children
Oral traditional
share traditions and values, speculate about human beginnings, explain origin of universe, emphasize ethical truths, define people as a culture, reflect landscape and events of region!!
Africa
story tellers are highly respected; encouraged audience interaction; tales featured dramatic heroes, personified animals, witty tricksters (Brer rabbit, Anansi the spider)
Europe
mixture of cultures bc of migration, trade, warfare, expansion; Greece and Rome were influential as they expanded, reached climax in Middle Ages!!!, “castle/cottage tales” told orally then written down; ruling class preferred epics and poetry about deeds of lord, sometimes accompanied by harp/lyre (Beowolf); humbler people’s tales featured peasants, “and they lived happily ever after” going from “rags to riches”
North America
Natives developed myths expressing reverence for rolling prairies, lush forests, etc
South America
story tellers of Yucatan Peninsula and Andes chronicled the rise of Maya, Aztec, Inca, wars of expansion, Spanish conquest of homeland
Asia
Mesopotamia to Japan; tales express respect for traditions, elderly, and dead; feature bones, fish, fruits, vegetables, ghosts, birds; myths and legends eventually incorporated into Taoism, Confucianism, Hinduism, Buddhism
Puritanism
Emphasized preparation for death/hell; view of kids = they need to be saved; instructional, knowledge of the Bible. Kids died young more frequently those days so it was imperative to save them
Picture book
End papers, cover, dust jacket, title page, contents; illus verify the text by co-telling(tell same story as text), paralleling (tell story within illustration), or extending (go beyond text); text + illus = best combo of art and language; carefully planned pic book will include design elements to entice an audience; each aspect affects way readers construct meaning from text
Folk tale
archetypal, flat, same from beginning to end; represents humanity
Poetry
is understandable. it evokes laughter creates images expresses feelings. Appealing to children because this is their natural language. Poems manipulate the elements of sound, rhythm, and meaning to create an impact more powerful than any found in prose.
Mother Goose
rhythm + beat = promotes rhythm; strong, pronounced beat invites personal response; audible sounds and linguistic in memory; enables reader to delight in images; sparks creativity; enables development of imagination; PLOT IS DIVULGED RIGHT AWAY; witty and whimsical characters; nonsense is very common; humor appeals to child and adult; encourages cog dev by setting up differences/comparisons between fantasy and reality
Myth
D’Aulaires Greek mythology; symbolize truth (mythos); exciting stories w/ well-defined characters, heroic action, challenging situations, reveals heritage of lang, customs, symbols, laws; expresses meaning of beliefs and portrays vision of destiny; psychologists believe myths awake human consciousness and explain human emotion
Epic
recount courageous deeds of mortals as they struggle against each other/gods/monsters/etc; reveal human emotion; portray eternal struggles between good/evil; contribute to appreciation of world history and lit; contribute to understanding of national ideals of behavior; contribute to knowledge of valor, heroism, nobility
Legend
give stories about people in particular areas/eras; featuring a real human (NOT supernatural) who became part of culture
Tall Tale
contribute history, myth, and fact; centered around characters that exemplify character traits of country’s people and values; characters are idols of symbols of strength, can overcome any problem; suspense created in how problem will be solved
Ex: Davy Crockett, Johnny Appleseed, Daniel Boone, Pecos Bill, Paul Bunyun
Fables
moral tales to teach lessons; use animals as main characters; children are more willing to learn from animals; meant to teach AND entertain; over time, people added the morals to teach the story
Wood Carving
Once a Mouse (Marcia Brown)
Gouache
Arrow to the Sun (Gerald Mcdermott)
Watercolor
Strega Nona/Clown of God (Tomie de Paola)
Simple, nonfiction
contribute to child’s fundamentals; expand lang and knowledge
Alphabet
children develop awareness of words; familiar objects, sounds, letters; clear letter/sound identification; identifiable letter and illus; uncluttered illus for younger, detailed and rich illus for older = develop observational skills, increases ability to focus, develop discussion skills
Counting
one-to-one correspondence, develop counting sequentially, teaches math skills; identifiable numbers and corresp objs; show 1 large number, word for number, appropriate objects
Randolph Caldecott Medal
awarded annually by American Library Association for outstanding illustration in a children’s picturebook
John Newbery Medal
awarded annually by American Library Association for outstanding children’s literature
1st printing press to England 1476
William Caxton
1st fairytales
(previous ones were fr oral tradition) - Hans Cristen Andersen was the first to create his own fairy tales. he was a danish author and poet
Charles Perrault
first to write down folk tales as fairy tales
First author and illustrator to write about AF American
Ezra Jack Keats (Jewish)
Collage
The Hungry Caterpillar (Eric Carle)
Picture Book
will contain text (intrinsically interesting words; natural intrinsic rhythm that is pleasing to the ear)
Illustrations catch and hold child’s interest; contain distinguished art; work with text to enrich the presented idea; co-tell, support, extend, or parallel text; varying colors; texture conveys reality, motion; lines and shapes to create perception and contribute to 3D quality
Wordless
tell story through illus; reveal story structure; stimulate lang develop as kids interpret story; est foundation for reading develop as kids interpret story verbally; develop intuitive understanding of relationship between print and sound; provide opportunities for story writing
Cotelling
Shows what the text was saying
Parallel
Tells story within the illustration
Extended
Goes beyond the illustration
