Child Psychiatry Flashcards
What are the common child mental disorders?
- autism
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
- anxiety and depression
- psychosis
- behavioural problems
What are some pre-school behaviour problems?
- habit problems (toileting)
- failure to develop routines (sleep/feed)
- temper tantrums
- attachment difficulties
- autism/social communication problems
- hyperkinetic disorder (ADHD)
- anxiety, separation anxiety
- abuse (emotional/behavioural)
What is conduct disorder?
- disorder of behaviour characterised by repetitive/persistent pattern of dissocial, aggressive or defiant conduct
- over 6 months
- can cause wide ranging negative outcomes
What are the symptoms of conduct disorder?
<5 years = aggression, destructive, poor attention, frequent severe tantrums
5-12 years = lying, stealing, defiance, cruelty to animals, fire setting
Adolescence = truancy, violence, sex offenses, drug/alcohol/substance misuse
What are the RF of conduct disorder?
- boys
- inner cities
- socio-economic disadvantage
- family conflict/poor communication
- reading disability
What are emotional disorders?
- mood disturbances
- persistent
- in response to single identified stressor
- disabling
- depression, anxiety, fearfulness
What are the symptoms of emotional disorders?
- fears (separation anxiety, social, phobias)
- lack of pleasure/loss of interest/hopelessness/despair/sadness/lack of energy
- abdominal pain/headaches
- fall in school performance, truancy, fear of school
What are risk factors of emotional disorders?
- overprotection
- parental anxiety
- quiet
What are adjustment disorders?
- distress and emotional disturbance arising in a period of adaptation to life change or consequence of stressful life event - e.g. divorce, bereavement, physical illness
What is ADHD?
- triad of hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention
- early onset
- pervasive and persistent
What are the symptoms of ADHD?
- hyperactivity = restless/fidgety/unable to wait
- impulsivity = act without thinking/answers before questions finished
- inattention = jumps from task to task, careless mistakes, doesn’t listen properly
What are the risk factors of ADHD?
- boys
- genetics
- neuro-developmental abnormalities
- maternal depression
- smoking during pregnancy
What are the non-pharmacological treatments for ADHD?
- parenting programmes
- behaviour therapy
- advice for teachers
What are the pharmacological treatments for ADHD?
- methylphenidate 1ft line for >5 years
- consider switching to lisdexamfetamine
How do you monitor ADHD?
- height and weight
- CVS -> HR and BP
- sleep
- tics
What are some specific examples of failures of normal development?
- speech and language
- reading
- arithmetic skills
- motor function
- enuresis
What are some pervasive examples of failures of normal development?
autistic spectrum disorders:
- impaired quality of recipricol social interaction
- dev peer relationships difficult
- communication
- repetitive restricted behaviours
What are attachment disorders?
distress and social impairment as a result of extremely abnormal pattern of attachment
- due to repeated changes of care-giver in early childhood
What are the types of abuse?
- physical
- emotional
- sexual
- neglect
- factitious induced illness
Physical Impacts of eating disorders?
- hair and skin changes
- tooth erosion and decay
- heart failure risk increased
- brittle bones
- constipation/diarrhoea
- irregular absent periods
What are the main adult type disorders?
- psychoses = schizophrenia/bipolar
- PTSD
- OCD
