Child Psychiatry Flashcards
Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder?
1 in 88 children
Do more males or females have autism spectrum disorder?
More males have autism spectrum disorder. M:F = 4:1
How many criteria are there for autism spectrum disorder?
4: A,B,C,D
What is criteria A of autism spectrum disorder?
Criteria A: persistent deficits in social communication and interaction exemplified by deficits in ALL 3 OF THE FOLLOWING:
- social-emotional reciprocity
- nonverbal communication
- relationship development and verbal communication.
What is criteria B of autism spectrum disorder?
Criteria B: restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities as manifested by >=2 of the following:
- stereotyped or repetitive speech, motor movements, or use of objects
- excessive adherence to routines, ritualized patterns of behavior, excessive resistance to hang
- Highly restricted, fixated interests that are abnormal in intensity or focus (ex: memorize the entire subway map)
- hypo- or hyper-reactivity to sensory input (ex: hate clothing, only eat 1 type of pasta)
What is criteria C of autism spectrum disorder?
symptoms present in early childhood
What is criteria D of autism spectrum disorder?
clinically significant impairment
What are the criteria for separation anxiety disorder?
- Lasts > 4 weeks
- impairment, not due to other diagnoses
- > = 3 symptoms of:
- recurrent excessive distress with real or anticipated separation from attachment figure
- Persistent/excessive worry over separation/loss
- persistent reluctance to go to school/elsewhere d/t fear of separation
- persistent reluctance to be alone
- persistent reluctance to fall asleep alone or away
- recurrent nightmares
- somatic complaints when separated
What is the prevalence of separation anxiety disorder?
3-8%
Impairing and pervasive (a problem at school and home) condition with symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity at an age < 12 years old
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
What are the different types of ADHD?
Combined Type
Predominantly Inattentive Type
Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type
What are the criteria for predominantly inattentive type of ADHD?
> = 6 of the following persistent symptoms, present from < 12 years old:
- poor attention to detail, careless errors
- cannot sustain attention in work or plan
- appear not to listen
- poor follow through/incompletes
- impaired organizational skills
- avoids tasks requiring attention
- loses needed items
- easily distracted
- forgetful
What are the criteria for predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type of ADHD?
> = 6 of the following persistent symptoms, present from < 12 years old:
- hyperactivity: fidgety, cannot remain seated, climbing/running, cannot play quietly, driven, talks excessively
- impulsivity: blurts out answers, cannot wait turn, interrupts, intrudes
prevalence of ADHD?
7.8%
Who gets ADHD more commonly- males or females?
Males get ADHD more commonly. Male: female = 2:1
What are the three diagnostic categories for the classification of psychiatric disorders of childhood?
- Developmental Delay and Deviance
- Internalizing Disorders
- Externalizing Disorders
What disorders are contained within the category of developmental delay and deviance?
- intellectual disability
- communication disorders
- autism spectrum disorders
- specific learning disorders
- motor skills disorders
What disorders are contained within the category of internalizing disorders?
Mood disorders:
- disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD)
- major depressive disorder
- bipolar disorder
Anxiety Disorders:
- separation anxiety disorder
- generalized anxiety disorder
- panic disorder/agoraphobia
- social axiety disorder
- specific phobia
- selective mutism
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
What disorders are contained within the category of externalizing disorders?
- Attention Deficit HyperActivity Disorder (ADHD)
- oppositional defiatn disorder
- conduct disorder
- unspecified disruptive, impulse-control and conduct disorder
How is depression different in children than adults?
in children, it is less distinct and enduring (not >2wks), and can present with mood changes, boredom (indicative of inability to concentrate, mood, anhedonia), failure to gain weight, family conflict, somatization (headaches, stomach aches, nausea, missing school on Mondays), suicidal ideation
“I say yes, you say no. I say no, you say yes.” : pattern of negativistic/hostile/defiant behaviors; loses temper, argumentative, noncompliant, deliberately annoying, blames others, touchy, resentful, spiteful. Patient must be
oppositional defiant disorder
“I say yes, you say no; I say no, you say F.U.”; adolescent
conduct disorder
