Child Psychiatry Flashcards

1
Q

Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder?

A

1 in 88 children

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2
Q

Do more males or females have autism spectrum disorder?

A

More males have autism spectrum disorder. M:F = 4:1

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3
Q

How many criteria are there for autism spectrum disorder?

A

4: A,B,C,D

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4
Q

What is criteria A of autism spectrum disorder?

A

Criteria A: persistent deficits in social communication and interaction exemplified by deficits in ALL 3 OF THE FOLLOWING:

  1. social-emotional reciprocity
  2. nonverbal communication
  3. relationship development and verbal communication.
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5
Q

What is criteria B of autism spectrum disorder?

A

Criteria B: restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities as manifested by >=2 of the following:

  1. stereotyped or repetitive speech, motor movements, or use of objects
  2. excessive adherence to routines, ritualized patterns of behavior, excessive resistance to hang
  3. Highly restricted, fixated interests that are abnormal in intensity or focus (ex: memorize the entire subway map)
  4. hypo- or hyper-reactivity to sensory input (ex: hate clothing, only eat 1 type of pasta)
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6
Q

What is criteria C of autism spectrum disorder?

A

symptoms present in early childhood

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7
Q

What is criteria D of autism spectrum disorder?

A

clinically significant impairment

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8
Q

What are the criteria for separation anxiety disorder?

A
  1. Lasts > 4 weeks
  2. impairment, not due to other diagnoses
  3. > = 3 symptoms of:
    - recurrent excessive distress with real or anticipated separation from attachment figure
    - Persistent/excessive worry over separation/loss
    - persistent reluctance to go to school/elsewhere d/t fear of separation
    - persistent reluctance to be alone
    - persistent reluctance to fall asleep alone or away
    - recurrent nightmares
    - somatic complaints when separated
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9
Q

What is the prevalence of separation anxiety disorder?

A

3-8%

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10
Q

Impairing and pervasive (a problem at school and home) condition with symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity at an age < 12 years old

A

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

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11
Q

What are the different types of ADHD?

A

Combined Type
Predominantly Inattentive Type
Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type

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12
Q

What are the criteria for predominantly inattentive type of ADHD?

A

> = 6 of the following persistent symptoms, present from < 12 years old:

  • poor attention to detail, careless errors
  • cannot sustain attention in work or plan
  • appear not to listen
  • poor follow through/incompletes
  • impaired organizational skills
  • avoids tasks requiring attention
  • loses needed items
  • easily distracted
  • forgetful
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13
Q

What are the criteria for predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type of ADHD?

A

> = 6 of the following persistent symptoms, present from < 12 years old:

  • hyperactivity: fidgety, cannot remain seated, climbing/running, cannot play quietly, driven, talks excessively
  • impulsivity: blurts out answers, cannot wait turn, interrupts, intrudes
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14
Q

prevalence of ADHD?

A

7.8%

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15
Q

Who gets ADHD more commonly- males or females?

A

Males get ADHD more commonly. Male: female = 2:1

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16
Q

What are the three diagnostic categories for the classification of psychiatric disorders of childhood?

A
  1. Developmental Delay and Deviance
  2. Internalizing Disorders
  3. Externalizing Disorders
17
Q

What disorders are contained within the category of developmental delay and deviance?

A
  • intellectual disability
  • communication disorders
  • autism spectrum disorders
  • specific learning disorders
  • motor skills disorders
18
Q

What disorders are contained within the category of internalizing disorders?

A

Mood disorders:

  • disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD)
  • major depressive disorder
  • bipolar disorder

Anxiety Disorders:

  • separation anxiety disorder
  • generalized anxiety disorder
  • panic disorder/agoraphobia
  • social axiety disorder
  • specific phobia
  • selective mutism

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

19
Q

What disorders are contained within the category of externalizing disorders?

A
  • Attention Deficit HyperActivity Disorder (ADHD)
  • oppositional defiatn disorder
  • conduct disorder
  • unspecified disruptive, impulse-control and conduct disorder
20
Q

How is depression different in children than adults?

A

in children, it is less distinct and enduring (not >2wks), and can present with mood changes, boredom (indicative of inability to concentrate, mood, anhedonia), failure to gain weight, family conflict, somatization (headaches, stomach aches, nausea, missing school on Mondays), suicidal ideation

21
Q

“I say yes, you say no. I say no, you say yes.” : pattern of negativistic/hostile/defiant behaviors; loses temper, argumentative, noncompliant, deliberately annoying, blames others, touchy, resentful, spiteful. Patient must be

A

oppositional defiant disorder

22
Q

“I say yes, you say no; I say no, you say F.U.”; adolescent

A

conduct disorder