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SD- Psych > Child Psych Lecture > Flashcards

Child Psych Lecture Flashcards

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1
Q

ADHD triad?

A

Hyperactivity
Inattention
Negative behavioral impulsivity

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2
Q

Difficulty listening, sustaining attention
Difficulty with organization
Avoidance of cognitively challenging activities
Forgetfulness
Distractibility

A

Inattention aspect of ADHD

*MC in girls

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3
Q

Blurting out answers
Difficulty waiting for turn
Interrupting others

A

Impulsivity aspect of ADHD

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4
Q

Fidgetiness
Running about inappropriately
Difficulty being quiet
Excessive talking

MC in preschool and elementary aged kids

A

hyperactivity aspect of ADHD

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5
Q

True or false..

With ADHD, hyperactivity tends to decline as child gets older, but inattentive symptoms will persist into adulthood

A

True

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6
Q

Teens will report “internal restlessness” which leads to thrill seeking behavior

A

ADHD

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7
Q

Decrease caudate nucleeus, globus pallidus, posterior brain regions

Genes involved:
Human thyroid receptor beta gene on chromosome 3
Dopamine transporter gene (DAT) on chromosome 5
Dopamine receptor D4 gene on chromosome 11

A

ADHD

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8
Q

think of what NT when it comes to ADHD?

A

Dopamine

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9
Q

3 aspects must be present for this dx:

  1. IQ under 70 on individually administered test
  2. impairment in present adaptive functioning in at least 2 domains
  3. Onset before age 18
A

Intellectual disability (formerly called mental retardation)

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10
Q

For an intellectual disability dx, IQ must be under…

A

below 70

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11
Q

What is the IQ range for mild intellectual disability?

(educable, need assistance under stress)

A

IQ of 50-70

*this is about 85% of cases!

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12
Q

What is the IQ range for moderate intellectual disability?

(communication deficits)

A

IQ range 35-49

10% of cases

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13
Q

What is the IQ range for severe intellectual disability?

(motor and communication deficits, may live in homes)

A

IQ 21-34

4% cases

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14
Q

What is the IQ range for profound intellectual disability?

(noticeable at birth, needs help with basic skills)

A

IQ <20

1-2% cases

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15
Q

Impairment in social interaction

Impairment in communication-language delays

Repetitive, stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests

Onset prior to age 3 yrs.

Genetic origin

A

Autistic disorder

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16
Q

Impairment in Social Interaction

Restricted, stereotyped patterns of behavior

No language delays but the “Odd Professor,” pedantic speech.

More boys than girls

Higher functioning than Autistic Disorder

A

Asperger’s (aka autism spectrum disorder)

17
Q

Traumatic Event has occurred

Re-experiencing, (flashbacks)

Avoidance/Numbing

Increased states of arousal

Duration at least 1 month

Impairment of functioning

A

PTSD

18
Q

True or False…

untreated ADHD is a significant risk factor for substance abuse in adolescence and adulthood

A

True

19
Q

Comorbid Disorders:

Learning disabilities
Oppositional defiant disorder(50%)
Anxiety disorders(30%)
Depressive disorders(25%)
Bipolar disorder(15%)
A

ADHD

20
Q

Diagnosis of ADHD is largely made through….

A

history

21
Q

The Vanderbilt Scale and the The Connors’ Rating Scale are most common in screenig of…

A

ADHD

22
Q

Reuptake inhibition of NE & DA
Cause increased release of presynaptic NE/DA
Amphetamine promotes passive diffusion of NE and DA into synaptic cleft
Amphetamine promotes release of NE and DA from cytoplasmic pools
Amphetamine & Methylphenidate are mild inhibitors of MAO

A

MOA of stimulants (used to treat ADHD)

23
Q

Amphetamine promotes passive diffusion of _____ and ____ into synpatic cleft

A

NE and DA

(also causes release of NE and DA from cytoplasmic pools)

24
Q

_____% of pts with ADHD will respond to a single stimulant (DEX/MPH), ____% respond if both tried

A

70% with one
90% if both

25
Q

Decreased appetite
Weight loss
Insomnia
G.I. Complaints
Headaches
Check for tics

A

SE of stimulants used in ADHD tx

26
Q

How should you dose stimulant drugs when treating ADHD

A

start low, can titrate up if needed

27
Q

diagnosed before age 8
high comorbidity with abuse DOs, mood DOs, ADD/ADHD

at least 6 months of negativistic, hostile and defiant behavior

A

Oppositional defient disorder

28
Q

At least 4 of the following needed for dx:

  • frequent loss of temper
  • arguments with adults
  • defying adult’s rules
  • deliberately annoying others
  • easily annoyed
  • anger and resentment
  • spitefulness
  • blaming others

(for at least 6 months)

A

Oppositional defient disorder

29
Q

40% risk of developing anti-social personality DO in adulthood

*high co-morbidity with ADD, ADHD, learning disability, mood DO, substance abuse

A

Conduct disorder

30
Q

Violation of basic rights of others or of social norms with at least 3 acts of:

  • aggression towards people or animals
  • destruction of property
  • deceitfulness
  • serious violation of rules
A

Conduct disorder

(oppositional defient DO can turn into this if not treated)

31
Q

For a major depressive episode, 5 or more depression symptoms must be present during the same ________ period

A

2 week

32
Q

True or False..

There is marked functional impairment in a major depressive episode

A

True

33
Q

Irritable or cranky mood most of the day
Preoccupation/identification with poetry/songs about death.

describes depressed mood in a(n)….

A

child!

(vs an adult, who have a depressed mood throughout the day)

34
Q

True or False…

a depressed kid will often go to the school nurses office for complaints like a stomach ache

A

true

35
Q

Biggest risk factor for major depression?

A

Genetics

36
Q

MC way of suicide in kids

A

Fire arms

37
Q

a) the presence of one or more diagnosable mental disorders – particularly a depressive disorder or aggressive disorder, occurring alone or co-morbid with alcohol or drug use disorder, and:
b) a prior suicide attempt.

A

2 risk factors for suicide

38
Q

The duration of an antidepressant trial must continue for minimum of 6 weeks before maximum response can be determined.

If response is positive, medication trial should be continued for a minimum of….

A

4-6 months

39
Q

T or F…

you would have to treat 10 pediatric pts with SSRIs to help 1?

A

true

SD- Psych (7 decks)

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