Child Language Acquisition Flashcards

Key Words

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Order of precedence

A

The order in which male and female terms are placed in a pairing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Proto Word

A

These are made up words-like vocalisation that are used to by children to represent a word they can’t pronounce

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Phonemic Expansion

A

This is when the number of phonemes produced increases (this happens during the babbling stage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Phonemic Contractions

A

This is when the child narrows the range of phonemes to the one found in their native language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Phoneme

A

This is the smallest unit of sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Babbling

A

A stage of early language acquisition when a baby makes consonant-vowel or vowel-consonant sounds

at 6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Rhythm

A

This is the beat a language has

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Intonation

A

This the melody or music of a language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Overextension

A

When a child uses a word to refer to multiple categories e.g every four-legged animal as ‘dog’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Under-extension

A

A child doesn’t use a word enough for particular cases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Consonant cluster

A

group of consonants with no vowels in-between

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Diagraph

A

Two letters that combine together but make one sound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Graphemes

A

Letters in a language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Bilabial

A

A sound that is formed by the closure of the lips e.g ‘b’ ‘p’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Labio-dental

A

Consonants that are articulated with the lips and teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Assimilation

A

Changing consonant or vowel sound for another sound, usually the first plosives like ‘d’ ‘b’ the child would say ‘gog’ for ‘dog’

17
Q

Addition

A

Adding an extra sound to the end of words

18
Q

Substitution

A

Substituting hard sounds with easier sounds

19
Q

Reduplication

A

Repeating a whole syllable e.g ‘hammy’ for ‘ham’

20
Q

Phonemic Deletion

A

This is usually the first consonant may be dropped

21
Q

Deletion of unstressed syllable

A

Omitting unstressed syllable in words

22
Q

Consonant cluster reduction

A

A consonant cluster can be hard to articulate so children reduce them to smaller units e.g ‘pider’ for ‘spider’

23
Q

Holophrastic stage

A

This is when a child only uses one word to denote meaning. e.g ‘fish’
(between 12-18 months)

24
Q

Two-word stage

A

This is when a child starts to use two words only to communicate e.g ‘mummy up’
(between 18-24 months)

25
Q

Telegraphic stage

A

This is when a child’s sentences/utterances gradually get longer, and the sentences they produce make sense but are not grammatically right e.g ‘this coat all wet’
(between 2-3 years)

26
Q

Post-telegraphic

A

This is when a child’s utterances starts to resemble adult speech and they start to use complex language.
(3+ years)

27
Q

Exaggerating Prosodic Cues

A

This is when you use exaggerated intonation patterns and slightly higher frequencies, greater pitch variation

28
Q

Recasting

A

Phrasing sentences in different ways, eg. making it a question.

29
Q

Echoing

A

repeating what a child said

30
Q

Expansion

A

Restating what a child said in a more linguistically sophisticated form

31
Q

Place of Articulation - Dental sound

A

These are sounds that are produced using the teeth
(for the exam, you only need to know /θ/ - through and /ð/ - this)

32
Q

Place of articulation - Palatal sound

A

These are sounds that are produced when the tongue is placed on the hard palate
(you only need to know /j/ - yod)

33
Q

Place of articulation - Bilabial sounds

A

These are sounds produced with both lips, eg. /m/ - monkey

34
Q

Place of Articulation - Alveolar sound

A

These are sounds produced by the tongue being pressed on the alveolar ridge, e.g. /t/ - teeth

35
Q

Place of articulation - Glottal sounds

A

These are sounds produced using the glottis (you only need to know /h/ - house and /t/ - butter)

36
Q

Place of articulation - Labiodental sounds

A

These are sounds produced using the lips and teeth e.g. /f/ - five

37
Q

Place of articulation - Palatal alveolar

A

These are sounds produced with the tongue pressed past the alveolar ridge but not as hard as the palatal sound e.g. /ʃ/ - shoe

38
Q

Place of articulation - Velar sounds

A

These are sounds produced with the tongue touching the soft palate e.g. /g/ - green