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PEDS > Child development > Flashcards

Child development Flashcards

1
Q

Erikson stage of dev- infant?

A

trust vs mistrust

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2
Q

When does object permanence begin to develop?

A

8 months

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3
Q

Piaget stage of development-infant?

A

sensorimotor birth to 2 years

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4
Q

Freud stage of development-infant?

A

oral stage (birth to 1 year)

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5
Q

Newborn primitive reflexes?

A

moro, root, suck, asymmetric tonic neck, plantar and palmar grasp, step, and babinski

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6
Q

Progression of gross motor development in infants?

A

head control, rolling, sits, stands, pulls up/holds on, walks

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7
Q

When do infants usually begin to experience separation anxiety?

A

10-12 months

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8
Q

At what age should parents start childproofing?

A

5 months because infant begins to grasp rattles

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9
Q

When do children begin teething?

A

Around 6 months

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10
Q

What toys are acceptable for infants?

A

play, books, talk to your infant, limit electronics, no walkers, let them help.

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11
Q

Should you discipline an infant?

A

Not under 6 months

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12
Q

Safety concerns in the infant stage?

A

car seat, cars, water, stairs, outlets, childproof, medication, guns, chocking, shaken baby syndrome.

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13
Q

Until what age should children remain rear facing in the car?

A

first 2-3 years

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14
Q

Erikson’s stage of development-toddler?

A

Autonomy vs shame and doubt

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15
Q

At what age do children begin to share toys with their peers?

A

Age 3

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16
Q

Piaget’s stage of development-toddler?

A

sensorimotor

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17
Q

Examples of the toddler’s sensorimotor stage?

A

differentiates self from others, uses ALL senses to explore environment, play becomes more complex, imitation is more symbolic

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18
Q

Freud’s stage of developement-toodler?

A

Anal stage (1-3 years)

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19
Q

Kohlberg’s level 1 stage of morality?

A

pre-conventional from birth until age 10-11 they learn obedience

20
Q

Kohlberg’s level 2 stage of morality?

A

conventional; adolescents and adults; conformity, law, and order

21
Q

Kohlberg’s level 3 stage of morality?

A

post conventional; older adults, may never reach; human rights, ethics

22
Q

How do toddlers play?

A

Parallel play-side by side

23
Q

Toys appropriate for toddlers?

A

push/pull toys, books, balls, textures, sand buckets, water tables, large crayons, peg board, shaper sorter

24
Q

Safety concern for the toddler stage?

A

curious, water safety, swim lessons, sunscreen, transition from crib to the bed, crossing the street without looking both ways, household cleaners like pods, medications.

25
Q

Erikson stage of development-preschool (3-5 years).

A

initiative vs guilt

26
Q

Piaget’s stage of development-preschool?

A

preoperational: preconceptual (2-4 years); intuitive (4-7 years)

27
Q

Kohlberg’s stage of development-preschool?

A

pre-conventional: punishment/obedience orientation- must correct behaviors

28
Q

Freud’s stage of development-preschool?

A

phallic stage-oedipal stage

29
Q

What does magical thinking mean in the preschool age?

A

words are literal, they believe that their thoughts control things around them.

30
Q

Name one expected gross motor skill in the preschool age at age 4?

A

moves backwards and forward with agility

31
Q

Name one expected gross motor skill at the preschool age 5?

A

stands on one foot 10 seconds or longer

32
Q

Name one expected fine motor skill at the preschool age of 4?

A

draws circles and squares

33
Q

Name one expected fine motor skill at the preschool age of 5?

A

uses fork, spoon, and knife well (supervised)

34
Q

At which stage is lying prominent and why?

A

preschool age because of fear of getting in trouble, imitating their role models, and they have vivid imaginations.

35
Q

Appropriate toys for the preschool age?

A

blocks, puzzles, puppets, dress up, buckets, kitchen toys, sandbox, dolls, accessories, tricycle, swings, hula hoop, balls, music, instruments, board games, dollhouse

36
Q

How do preschool age children play?

A

imaginary friends, imitative toys, cooperative play, make believe, dramatic play

37
Q

Safety concerns for the preschool stage?

A

supervise at all times, smoking, guns, poisoning, meds are not candy, set a good example.

38
Q

Erikson’s stage of development-school age?

A

industry vs inferiority (they try many things and if they are not good at any of them they feel inferior)

39
Q

Piaget’s stage of development-school age?

A

concrete operation but no abstract thought yet. Everything is black and white but they understand principle of conservation.

40
Q

Kohlberg’s stage of development- school age?

A

conventional- golden rule-adults are always right-vulnerable for abuse

41
Q

Freud’s stage of development- school age?

A

Latency-same sex friends

42
Q

Toys and play appropriate for the school age?

A

cooperative play, clubs, teams, reading, electronics

43
Q

Gross motor skills acquired in the school age?

A

increased energy, increased attention, more graceful, endurance

44
Q

Fine motor skills acquired in the school age?

A

hand usage improves; eye hand coordination and balance improve; can write, paint words, sew, or build models; takes pride in activities requiring dexterity and fine motor skills (musical instruments); focus improves

45
Q

Developmental concerns for the school age child?

A

television and video games, school refusal, online safety; stealing, lying, cheating, bullying, tobacco and alcohol education; fitting in with peer groups

46
Q

Safety issues with the school age child?

A

car safety, pedestrian safety, bicycle and sport safety, fire safety, water safety, gun safety, smoking/vaping, drugs and alcohol, abuse in children/violence/ kidnapping/ sex trafficking, bullying, online safety, behavioral health

PEDS (8 decks)

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