Child BLS Flashcards
What is cardiac arrest in children usually caused by? implications?
usually caused by respiratory issues; this means that breaths should always be given in infants in children
When you’re a lone rescuer, what is the ratio of compressions to breaths in children?
30:2
When on a team, what is the ratio of compressions to breaths in children?
15:2
What should you do before alerting someone, if you’re a lone rescuer and do not witness the arrest?
give 5 cycles of CPR to be sure the child is oxygenated
What should you do if you see the child collapse?
activate emergency response system and get the AED before performing CPR
What is the optimal depth of compressions for infants and children respectively?
1/3 of chest depth; 1.5 inches for infants, and 2 inches for children
What is the chain of survival for children?
1) check for responsiveness 2) alert the emergency response team 3) check for corotid pulse and breathing 4) once the AED arrives, check the rhythm
What should you do if the child has no breathing but a normal pulse rate?
deliver 1 breath every 3-5 seconds (12-20 breaths per minute); if not already done, activate the emergency response team after 2 minutes
How to locate the femoral artery?
midway between hip and pelivc bone
What is the difference between a one- and two- rescuer response team?
a lone rescuer should only activated emergency response team if they saw the child collapse; if not, begin CPR immediately for 2 minutes, then activate response team; if two-rescuer, have one rescuer begin CPR, the other should activate the response team, and get the AED
How often should you check pulse in a child whom is initially not breathing but has a pulse?
every 2 minutes
How are chest compressions different for an adult vs. a child?
not different unless it’s a small child; a small child, one-handed compressions can be used
How old is considered “infant”?
less than 1 year of age
How is infant CPR different than child or adult CPR compressions?
use one hand and two fingers to achieve adequate depth
Where is proper hand placement for an infant?
just below the nipple line at the lower half of the sternum; do not press the tip of the sternum
Where should you check for infant pulse?
brachial artery
When should you notify the emergency response team and call/get an AED for a collapsed infant?
immediately if you saw the infant collapse, but after 2 minutes of CPR if unwitnessed
How should you check for infant pulse?
halfway between the elbow and underarm; press down with the index and middle finger for at least 5 seconds; if no pulse and for pulses less than 60 bpm, or signs of poor perfusion, begin CPR
What are some signs of poor perfusion?
skin color- paleness and patchiness and later cyanosis (blueness); temperature- cool skin; altered mental state- continued decline in consciousness/responsiveness; pulses- weak pulses
How many compressions per minute in CPR?
100-120 compressions per min
What is the difference for CPR in infants with 1- vs 2- rescuer teams?
lone & witnessed: call for team and get AED, lone & unwitnessed: CPR for 2 minutes before calling for help or getting AED; 2-rescuer: use 2-thumb encircling technique (supporting infant’s back) and ratio is now 15:2
For bag mask technique, what should you be cautious of for infants?
when using the E-C grip and pulling the infant’s head back beyond the neutral position is bad
What is the preferred shock mechanism for an infant in cardiac arrest?
a manual defibrillator; if no manual then use infant AED; if no infant attenuator, you may use the AED regularly
Which age group should an AED attenuator be used for?
Infants- 8 years of age
How can you avoid gastric inflation?
avoid giving breaths too quickly and give a breath only until you see the chest rise
Which is the preferred technique for infant mouth-to-mouth?
mouth over nose and mouth
What is the difference in breaths delivered for adults and breaths delivered for children?
adults: 1 breath every 5-6 seconds or 10-12 breaths per minute; infants: 1 breath every 3-5 seconds or 12-20 breaths per minute;
