Child Attachment

Question 1

What are the 3 phases of mourning?

Answer 1

• Protest
• Despair
• Detachment

Question 2

What happens at the Protest stage?

Answer 2

Acutely distressed at absence of mother (crying loudly)

Question 3

What happens at the despair stage?

Answer 3

• Continued distress and increased hopelessness.
  
  • Physical movements stop.
  • Deep mourning (quiet).

Question 4

What happens at the Detachment stage?

Answer 4

• Accepts care from nurse, slight smile.
  
  • Remote and apathetic when mother returns.

Question 5

What is attachment?

Answer 5

• An infants enduring affective tie to a caregiver that develops over time.

Infants are born with strong biological push to develop attachments to small number of caregivers.

Question 6

What was Bowlby’s hypothesis?

Answer 6

individual differences in attachment security.
Individual differences in attachment security have consequences for later personality development and interpersonal relating

Question 7

What was the strange situation?

Answer 7

Series of episodes in which infant and parent are separated (danger) and reunited twice.

Question 8

What is secure attachment?

Answer 8

• Infants use mother as secure base for exploration
  
  • Separation anxiety
  • Upset when she leaves, actively greets upon reunion.
  • Soothed by contact and returns to exploring.

Question 9

What is avoidant attachment in children?

Answer 9

• Explores but little/no secure base
  
  • Little/no signs of separation anxiety
  • Avoids parent upon reunion
  • If picked up, leans away

Question 10

What is ambivalent attachment in children?

Answer 10

• Fails to explore; visibly distressed
  
  • Separation anxiety
  • Alternates wanting contact with angry rejection at reunion.
  • Fails to find comfort in mother

Question 11

When is secure attachment most likely present?

Answer 11

• Parent is sociable, affectionate
  
  • Infant has positive temperament
  • Low marital conflict, high work satisfaction.
    Absence of risk factors, low income, maternal depression, parenting stress.

Question 12

What is criteria for secure histories in preschool:

Answer 12

• More independent
  
  • Confident, believe they can succeed
  • More friends
  • Persistent at solving problems
  • More positive self-image

Question 13

What is the criteria for avoidant histories in pre school?

Answer 13

• More dependent on teachers
  
  • Lack confidence
  • Anxious
  • More likely to be bullies
  • Less friends
  • More likely to show anger lower persistence at solving problems