child and family communication

Question 1

describe communication

Answer 1

• essential in nurse - child/fam relationship
• secures trust in healthcare professional
• effective/positive communication = positive health outcome, positive parental satisfaction
• establish therapeutic relationship
• effective communication is learned: use listening, interpret different types of communication, be aware of things that can make it worse or better

Question 2

describe infant communication

Answer 2

seen through behavior

attentive to human voice and presence
- touch, stroke, pat, rock, sing to

distress
- crying, facial quivering or scrunching, arms and legs thrashing or tense

contentment
- cooing, leg kicking, babbling, arm waving

Question 3

describe speech with a 12-15 month old

Answer 3

know 3-4 words

Question 4

describe speech with a 15-18 month old

Answer 4

10 words, can point to and name objects

Question 5

describe speech with a 18-24 month old

Answer 5

short sentences with 3-4 words

Question 6

describe toddler (1yr-3yr) communication

Answer 6

• egocentric, asserting independence
• interact at eye level, simple language, play with initially

Question 7

describe speech with a 24-36 month old

Answer 7

90% of speech should be comprehensible

Question 8

describe preschooler (3-5yrs) communication

Answer 8

• concrete, literal, short attention span
• magical thinking - inanimate objects may come alive
• interact at eye level, simple language, play with initially before assessment
• offer two simple choices

Question 9

describe school age communication

Answer 9

• begin to be able to use logical thinking
• begin to understand viewpoints of others (empathy)
• large vocabulary: know technical names of body parts
• explain procedures in simple terms
• be honest!
• interact directly with child
• allow and encourage choices when appropriate

Question 10

describe adolescent communication

Answer 10

• build rapport and trust
• cognitively can understand
• limited past experiences
• treat with respect
• provide straight-forward explanations
• encourage participation
• provide, and encourage choices

Question 11

describe communicating with children with barriers to communication

Answer 11

• signs/gestures
• picture boards
• eye contact
• touch
• be receptive to child’s body language and nonverbal cues

Question 12

describe communication with children with visual deficits

Answer 12

• identify yourself when entering the room and encourage others to do the same
• orient to objects in room so they know where shit is
• speak in calm, slow voice, do not shout
• explain before touching
• allow for child to handle equipment when appropriate
• let them know when you leave
• encourage parents to stay with them

Question 13

describe communication with children with hearing deficits

Answer 13

• enter room slowly
• face the child when speaking
• assess degree of impairment and method of communication
• clarify roles with interpreter -> still face the child when speaking