"Chicken Tikka Masala is now a true British national dish"

Question 1

Introduction:

Answer 1

1. Robin Cooke’s 2001 speech celebrated multiculturalism, using Chicken Tikka Masala as an example of cultural adaptation.

2.Multiculturalism is a complex issue in Britain, especially evident in its large cities.

Question 2

Background – Post-war Race Relations:

Answer 2

Historic immigration contributed to London’s diverse population.

Post-WWII labor shortages led to increased immigration, notably the** Windrush generation from the West Indies.**

Racial tensions, riots, and conflicts marked this era, such as the Notting Hill race riots and Enoch Powell’s “rivers of Blood” speech.

Question 3

The Satanic Verses Controversy (1989):

Answer 3

**Salman Rushdie’s novel **sparked international controversy and led to . The fatwa, which was issued to declare the novel blasphemous, led to attacks on the novel’s publisher and two translators, as well as Rushdie himself.

The event highlighted clashes between** cultures and values within the UK.**

Question 4

The 7/7 Bombings (2005):

Answer 4

Suicide bombings in London by British citizens intensified racial tensions.

Increased surveillance and heightened suspicion against Asian and Arab populations followed.

Political parties like the BNP weaponized the attacks, further exacerbating racial divides.

Question 5

Multiculturalism and Representation:

Answer 5

• Multiculturalism advocates cultural diversity and mutual tolerance.
• Critics argue it leads to societal fragmentation and division.
• Calls for a redefinition of British identity, inclusive and reflective of modern demographics.
• Political representation increasingly reflects Britain’s multicultural population but challenges to a unified British identity persist amidst increasing fragmentation.