Chest X rays Flashcards
1
Q
How does an x ray work
A
- X ray machine
- Pass through soft tissues, heart and lungs easily these appear darker on the x ray
- Bones/fluid absobr x rays and appear white
2
Q
what are 5 shades of grey
A
- Black = air
- Dark grey = fat
- Light grey = soft tissue
- White = bone and fluid
- Brihgt white = metal
3
Q
why do we use x rays
A
- TO IDENTIFY CHEST PATHOLOGY I.E. PNEUMONIA, HEART FAILURE, PNEUMOTHORAX, LUNG LESIONS
- TO IDENTIFY ABDOMINAL PATHOLOGY - PNEUMOPERITONEUM IF SUSPICION OF BOWEL PERF air under the diapragram tells you something is wrong with it
- TO IDENTIFY FOREIGN OBJECTS ?INHALED
- TO CONFIRM PROPER PLACEMENT OF DEVICES AND LINES
4
Q
How do you do image interpretation
A
Firstly check - Patient detials - Date and time - Any previous imaging Then RIPE R otation I nspiration P rojection E xposure - Clavicle should be equidistatn from spinous process
5
Q
what does RIPE stand for
A
R otation
I nspiration
P rojection
E xposure
6
Q
what should you see when inspiration happens in an X ray
A
- Should be able to identify 6 antieor ribs
- Should be able to identlfy 10 posterior ribs visible
7
Q
what are the projections of the x rays
A
- Normal is PA – x ryas goes in from behind
- AP veiws – bed bound patinets, nelagred hard
8
Q
why do you use PA over AP
A
- REDUCES MAGNIFICATION OF HEART THEREFORE PREVENTING APPEARANCE OF CARDIOMEGALY
- REDUCES RADIATION DOSE TO RADIATION SENSITIVE ORGANS I.E. THYROID, EYES, BREAST
- MOVES SCAPULA AWAY FROM LUNG FIELD so you can see the lung field clearer
- REDUCES PATIENT MOVEMENT AND STABILISES THE PATIENT – CAN HOLD ONTO THE UNIT IF NEEDS BE, reduces patient movement
- CLEARER IMAGE OF SPINE AND POSTERIOR RIBS
9
Q
what are the 3 ways to check that the view is PA
A
- Clavicel will be in lung field wherease in AP projected higher than usual
- Scaupla not in lung field whereas in AP it is lung field
- Heart magnification in AP
10
Q
what are the two types of exposure
A
- Overprentrated - too black
- Underprenentrated - too white
11
Q
what does ABCDE stand for
A
A – AIRWAY B BREATHIGN C CIRCULATION D DIAPHRGAM E EVERYTHING ELSe
12
Q
how do you interpret an airway
A
ABCDE
13
Q
Describe what part of the airway should be visible in the x ray
A
- TRACHEA, BRONCHI VISIBLE (BRANCHING AT CARINA)
* TRACHEA PASSES TO RIGHT OF AORTA
14
Q
what is it when the trachea is pushed away
A
- Due to an increase in volume or pressure in one side of the throax which pushes the treachea away from that side
15
Q
what can cause the trachea to be pushed away
A
- Mass
- Tension
- Pneumothorax
