Chest pain (week 2)

Question 1

What does the left coronary artery split into?

Answer 1

Left anterior descending artery, left circumflex artery

Question 2

which cells cause the heart to contract

Answer 2

cardiac myocytes

Question 3

where is calcium stored in the cardiac myocyte

Answer 3

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 4

when is calcium released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer 4

when the heart contracts

Question 5

which proteins cause the heart to contract

Answer 5

myosin and actin

Question 6

what is required for muscle relaxion

Answer 6

ATP

Question 7

investigations for myocardial infarct

Answer 7

electrocardiogram - first 10 minutes. disruption of electrical signals due to ion movement
serum troponin

Question 8

troponin?

Answer 8

has types specific to heart that can be measured separately. Released into bloodstream during myocardial infarct due to disruption of cell structure

Question 9

pain associated with myocardial ischaemia (angina)

Answer 9

centre of chest, may radiate to neck/jaw/arms
dull/constricting/choking/heavy
occurs during exertion, in cold wind, after large meal.
relieved in 5 mins by rest.
builds up in proportion to exertion

Question 10

associated features of MI

Answer 10

sweating, nausea, vomiting, feeling of impending death, breathlessness

Question 11

risk factors for myocardial infarction (5)

Answer 11

smoking
diabetes
hypertension
hypercholesteremia
family history