Chest infection Flashcards
Who should get the flu vaccine?
- > 65yrs
- People with certain medical conditions (including children in at-risk groups from 6 months of age)
- Pregnant women
- Children aged 2-3 on 31 Aug 2019
- Children in primary school
- Frontline health and social care workers
What are the symptoms of influenza?
- General aches and pains
- Most common in autumn and winter
What are the symptoms of COVID-19?
- Fever
- SOB
- Persistent dry cough
- Anosmia
What are the symptoms of viral URTI?
- Sore throat
- Nasal congestion
- Cough
- Feeling unwell
What are the symptoms of pneumonia?
- Green/yellow/brown sputum
- Fever
- Chest pains
- SOB
- Unwell
What are the symptoms of lung cancer?
- Haemoptysis
- Weight loss
- Persistent cough
- Ex-smoker
What are the symptoms of pericarditis?
- Chest pain relieved by sitting forwards
- Often following viral infection
What are the symptoms of pneumothorax?
- Sudden, sharp stabbing pain on one side of the chest that is worse on inspiration
- SOB
What are the symptoms of an infective exacerbation of COPD?
- Increased sputum production
- SOB
What are the symptoms of bronchiectasis?
- Chronic productive cough
- SOB
What are the symptoms of TB?
- Swinging fever
- Weight loss
- Anorexia
- Productive cough (>21 days)
- Haemoptysis
- Contact
- High risk (country of birth, homeless, immunosuppression)
What are the symptoms of subacute bacterial endocarditis?
- Fever
- Tiredness
- Sore throat
- Cough
What are the symptoms of PE?
- Sudden onset sharp pain on inspiration
- SOB
- Haemoptysis
What type of infection primarily cause URTI?
Viral
What type of infections primarily cause LRTI?
Bacterial and viral
What type of conditions are classed as URTI?
- Common cold
- Sinusitis
- Pharyngitis
- Laryngitis
What type of conditions are classed as LRTI?
- Acute bronchitis (COPD exacerbation)
- Exacerbation of bronchiectasis
- TB
- Influenza
- Pneumonia
What investigations would you order for a chest infection?
- FBC
- LFTs
- CRP
- U+E
- Procalcitonin
- Blood lactate
- D-dimer
- Blood cultures
- CXR
CT if abscess or empyema suspected - Respiratory viral swab
- Sputum cultures
- HIV testing
- O2 sats
Who is at risk of sepsis?
o Extremities of age
o Recent trauma, surgery or invasive procedures (within last 6 weeks)
o Impaired immunity due to illness
o Indwelling lines, catheters, IVDU, breach of skin integrity (cuts, burns etc.)
What is sepsis 6?
Test three
• Blood lactate
• Blood cultures
• Urine output
Treat three
• Oxygen to maintain O2 saturations at 94-98% (or 88-92% for COPD)
• Empirical broad-spectrum antibiotics
• IV fluids
