Chest Imaging Flashcards
What are the 6 general reasons for chest imaging?
- Trauma
- CXR Follow-up
- Malignancy
- Vascular
- Lung Disease
- Infection
Which anatomical structure must always be evaluated on a Chest X-Ray?
The heart.
For it’s size, location and morphology
What are 2 common pathologies for Vascular imaging?
- PE (Pulmonary Embolism)
- Aneurysm
- Dissection
Pleural Effusions must be more than..
..500mls
Name 3 findings, apart from the Heart and presence of Pleural Effusions, that an X-Ray should be evaluated for.
- FBs (Foreign Bodies)
- Infection
- Tumours/Metastases
- Incidental Pathologies
During an Arterial Phase Scan, how many mls of contrast solution are injected?
100
True or False?
Arterial Phase Imaging requires high pressure contrast injection.
True.
List 5 clinical indications for imaging the chest.
- Heavy Smoker or Hx of
- Chest Pain
- Trauma
- Hypertension (High blood pressure)
- Cough
- PUO (Pyrexia of Unknown Origin)
- Haemoptysis (Coughing up blood)
- SOB
How many seconds should you wait before injecting & scanning an Arterial Phase image?
25-35s
The bolis tracking region of interest for an Arterial Phase image is the…
..Pulmonary Trunk.
How big must an Aortic Aneurysm be to be considered at risk of rupture?
6cm+
When does Aortic Dissection occur?
When the inner layer of the Aorta tears and causes blood to separate the inner and middle layer of the Aorta (🎾)
What is the difference between the two types of Aortic Dissection?
Type A: Ascending Aorta
Type B: Descending Aorta
Define Pulmonary Embolism.
A blood clot that occurs in the lungs and which can lead to restricted blood flow and decreased O2 levels.
List the common pathologies associated with infection imaging.
- COVID 19 (Coronavirus-19)
- Pneumonia
- TB (Tuberculosis)
True or False?
The delay for Infection image in CT is 25-35s.
False.
The delay for infection imaging is 50 seconds because it is a Portal Veinous scan.
List the anatomy associated with Malignancy imaging.
- Lungs
- Surrounding Organs
- Great Vessels
- Heart
Common pathologies for malignancy imaging are primary tumours, nodules and..
..metastatic spread.
What signs of malignancy are there to look for on CT imaging?
- Contrast enhancing lesions
- Comet tail sign (spiculated lesions)
- Nodules larger than 3cm
What are common abnormalities to look for in trauma imaging?
- Pneumothorax
- Fractures
- FBs
- Haemothorax
- Flail chest
- Vessel ruptures
What windowing is used to view trauma imaging?
- Bony
- Soft Tissue
- Lung
What is high resolution scanning (HRCT) used for and why?
Lung disease because it highlights the differences in the structures of the lung tissues in detailed thin slices
