CHES BAY PHYSICS

Question 1

estuary

Answer 1

semi-enclosed coastal body of water having a free connection with the open sea and within which the sea-water is measurably diluted with fresh water deriving from land drainage

Question 2

features of estuaries

Answer 2

environmental conditions fluctuate
high biomass - productive
low species diversity

Question 3

Advection

Answer 3

gravity flow downhill towards the mouth of Bay

Question 4

Tidal forces

Answer 4

gravitational pull of moon and sun on lens of water on earth surface

Question 5

Coriolis

Answer 5

gravitational deflection of water to the north east caused by spinning of the earth

Question 6

Bay Circulatory System

Answer 6

• The heart/pump is advection, tides, and coriolis
• Transports oxygenated water made by plants to aerobic organisms
• Distributes nutrients
• Removes waste

Question 7

when is the bay saltier

Answer 7

in the fall because less rain, so saltwater from ocean moves further up the bay

Question 8

when is the bay least salty

Answer 8

in spring, there is increased runoff from rain and snowmelt (more freshwater flow)– pushes salt downstream

Question 9

what determines the salt wedge position

Answer 9

tides
in high tide, salt moves up a lot
in low tide, salt moves up less+

Question 10

Stratified estuary

Answer 10

Less dense fresh water flow towards the sea
More dense salt water intrusion towards land
opposing forces equal in volume and velocity

Question 11

what inhibits mixing in a stratified estuary

Answer 11

pycnocline

Question 12

Cold water is _____ than warm water

Answer 12

denser

Question 13

Pycnocline

Answer 13

Rapid change in DENSITY (T, Salt) forms a physical barrier that prevents exchange of dissolved oxygen from surface to deeper waters

Question 14

How long does it take to flush pollutants out of the bay

Answer 14

on average 1 year because of tide ebb and flow – cycle Very small net progress towards mouth on each tidal cycle

Question 15

most important thing to cleaning up the bay

Answer 15

providing MORE OXYGEN

Question 16

spring tide

Answer 16

max force you can pull water away from earth is when moon and sun are aligned

Question 17

neap tide

Answer 17

when there is the least variation between high and low tides

Question 18

diurnal

Answer 18

one low and one high in 24 hours

Question 19

semidiurnal

Answer 19

two low tides and two high tides in 24 hours

THIS IS WHAT THE BAY HAS

Question 20

flood tide

Answer 20

tide is going into the bay

Question 21

high tide

Answer 21

water is at highest point

Question 22

ebb tide

Answer 22

water being pulled back out of the bay

Question 23

low tide

Answer 23

water at lowest point

Question 24

slack tide

Answer 24

period right before tide is reversing (0 velocity – neither going up or going down)
slack before ebb is the slack before the water begins to flow back out to the ocean

Question 25

a gallon of cold water has ___ molecules than warm water

Answer 25

more

Question 26

osmoregulation

Answer 26

how orgs living in different salinity environments survive
active regulation of fluids and salts in an organisms body in order to maintain homeostasis of the organisms water content
requires a lot of energy

Question 27

osmoconformer

Answer 27

organisms that maintain an internal salinity similar to their ambient conditions

Question 28

euryhaline

Answer 28

ability of an organism to adapt to a wide range of salinities
striped bass and crab

Question 29

stenohaline

Answer 29

inability of an organism to adapt to a wide range of salinities