Chemokines Flashcards
CCL2 original name and major function?
- MCP-1
- Mixed leukocyte recruitment (monocytes)
CCL19 original name and function?
- MIP-3B
- T cell and dendritic cell migration into parafollicular zones of lymph nodes
- Displayed on surface of HEV
CCL21 original name and function?
- SLC
- T cell and dendritic cell migration into parafollicular zones of lymph nodes
- Display on surface of HEV
CXCL8 original name and function?
- IL-8
- Neutrophil recruitment
CCL4 original name and function?
- MIP-1B
- T cell, dendritic cell, monocyte, and NK recruitment, HIV co receptor
What chemokines are displayed on the surface of HEV and help with T cell and DC migration into parafollicular zone of LN?
CCL19 and CCL21
CXCL10 original name and function?
- IP-10
- Effector T cell recruitment
What chemokine is expressed on HEV to activate integrins and homes Naive B cells to LN’s?
CXCL12
In the lymph node B cells migration into the b zone is driven by what chemokine?
CXCL13
CXCL13 original name and function?
- BCA-1
- B cell migration into follicles and T follicular helper cell migration into follicles
CXCL12 original name and function?
- SDF-1aB
- Homing naive B cells to LNs
Where are P-selectins (CD62P) found and what is the ligand?
- Found on the endothelium activated by thrombin or histamine
- Ligand is Sialyl Lewis X antigen on PSGL-1 and other glycoproteins. Expressed on neutrophils monocytes and t cells
Where are E-selectins found and what is lignand?
- Endothelium activated by cytokines (TNF, IL-1)
- Sialyl Lewis X antigen (CLA-1) on glycoproteins, neutrophils monocytes and T cells
Where are L selectins found and ligands?
- On all leukocytes- neutorphils, monocytes, T cells, B cells
- Ligan is Sialyl Lewis X/ **PNAd on HEV
- Lymphocytes without L selectin cant enter peripheral nodes
LFA-1 ligand?
- Lymphocyte Function associated antigen 1
- ligand is ICAM-1 and ICAM-2 expressed on endothelium
- LFA-1 found on neutrohils, monocytes, T cells and B cells
VLA-4?
- Very Late Antigen 4
- VCAM-1 expressed on the endothelium is the ligand
- VLA-4 found on Monocytes T cells
Mac-1?
- ICAM-1 and ICAM-2 expressed on endothelium is the ligand
- Macrophage-1 antigen aka CR3
- Mac-1 is found on neutrophils monocytes and DC’s
Alpha4Beta7 Integrin?
- Ligand is VCAM-1 and MadCAM-1 expressed in the endothelium of gut and GALT
- A4B7 found on monocytes t cells b cells for the gut
IL-1?
- Promotoes maturation of B and T cell
- Causes inflammation fever and synthesis of acute phase proteins
IL-1B
- Pro inflammatory cytokine secretd from DC’s in response to DAMP’s binging CD91
- activates leukocytes
IL-2
- Promotes T cell maturation
- Stimulates clonal expansion of Ag activated T cells
- Starvation of IL2 results in intrinsic pathway of apoptosis
IL-4
- Activates Th2 cells
- induces differentiation of macrophages
- Co activator of mast cells with IgE
- Stimulates IgE production
IL-5?
- Activates eosinophils to release granules in response to Helminths
- Made by Th2 cells
IL-6
- Promotes B and T maturation
- Activates Th cells
- Primary regulator of acute phase proteins
IL-10
- Anti inflammatory
- Inhibits cytokine/chemo expression
- Reduces MHC II expression
IL-12
- Produced by DC’s
- Control CMI by T cell stimulation
- NK respond to IL-12
IL-18
Drives inflammation
CRP and SAP?
- Induced by IL-6 and IL-1 to activate complement by binding C1q and initiating classical pathway
IFN-a and IFN-B?
- Type I IFN’s secreted in response to infected cells to enhance CTL killing
- Activates JAK-STAT pathway to protect neighboring cells
- Produced by pDC’s
IFN-y
- Most potent activator of phagocytosis in response to IL-12
- Activates macrophages
- Produced by NK cells
- Stimulates MHC II expression on APC’s
HMGB1
- Released during necrosis activates NF-kB path
- Receptor is RAGE
HSP?
binds to CD91 and is released from necrotic cells to induce NF-kB path and release inflammatory cytokines TNFa and IL-1B
What are the extracellular TLR?
- 1
- 2
- 4
- 5
Intracellular TLR?
- 3
- 7
- 8
- 9
NLR?
- ilgand is PAMP and DAMP
- forms inflammasome
- activates caspase 1 to cleave IL-1b and IL-18 to active form