Chemistry Y10

Question 1

What are groups and Periods?

Answer 1

• Groups are vertical (1-18) (no of valence electrons)

- Periods are horizontal (1-7) (no of occupied shells)

Question 2

Define Neutralisation

Answer 2

When there is an equal number of hydrogen and Hydroxide ions so they can cancel each other out

Question 3

• What is the test for carbon dioxide?

- What is the test for Hydrogen?

Answer 3

-Limewater test:
You collect the carbon dioxide (CO2) bubbles through a tube and direct them into lime water. if it goes cloudy CO2 is present.
-Pop Test:
Hold a burning splint over a test tubes filled with gas. If a pop is heard then H+ is present.

Question 4

• Acid + Base =
• Acid + Metal =
• Acid + metal Carbonate =

Answer 4

-Salt + Water
-Metal Salt + Hydrogen Gas
+Metal salt + Carbon Dioxide (CO2) + water

Question 5

Concentration:

• Define
• Give formula
• unit

Answer 5

• The amount of substance per given volume
• c=m/v
• gl-1 or g/l

Question 6

What are the concentrations?
H+H+ H+H+
H+H+ H+H+ H+H+
————————————————————–
OH-OH- OH-OH- OH-OH-
OH-OH- OH-OH-

Answer 6

1) High acidic concentration
2) Neutral
3) High basic concerntration

Question 7

Ions:

• Sodium Hydroxide
• Ammonium
• Calcium Carbonate
• Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate

Answer 7

• NaOH
• NH3
• CaCO3
• NaHCO3

Question 8

Ions:

• Hydrochloric Acid
• Sulfuric acid
• Nitric acid
• Ethanoic Acid

Answer 8

• HCl
• H2SO4
• HNO4
• CH3COOH

Question 9

Bases:

• Define:
• What are the properties of a Base?

Answer 9

-A base is a substance that dissociates into Hydroxide (OH-) ions
Properties:
-Ph 7.1-14
-Turns red Litmus Blue
-Turns universal indicator blue-purple
-Caustic
-Bitter

Question 10

Acids:

• Define
• What are the properties of an acid?

Answer 10

-An acid is a substance that dissociates into hydrogen ions (H+)
Properties:
-Ph 1-6.9
-Turns Blue Litmus red
-Turns universal indicator yellow-red
-Corrosive
-Sour

Question 11

Ions x2:

• Chloride
• Nitrate
• Hydrogen Carbonate
• Ethanoate

Answer 11

• Cl-
• N)3
• HCO3
• CH3COO

Question 12

Ions x2:

• Ammonium
• Sulphate
• Carbonate
• Hydroxide

Answer 12

• NH4
• SO4^2
• CO3^2
• OH-

Question 13

Metals:

-Name 8 metals

Answer 13

• Lead
• Magnesium
• Gold
• Silver
• Aluminium
• Copper
• Iron
• Lithium

Question 14

Metals:

-What are the properties of metals

Answer 14

• Malleable
• Ductile
• Metallic Lustre (shiny)
• High density
• Solid at room temp
• High boiling/melting point
• Good electrical/heat conductor

Question 15

Metals:

-What are the properties of non-metals?

Answer 15

• Brittle
• Low density
• Not shiny
• Low boiling/melting point
• Solid, liquid or gas at room temp
• Non ductile
• Poor electrical or heat conductor

Question 16

Metals:
what can these metals be used for and why?
-Lead
-Magnesium
-Lithium
-Silver

Answer 16

• Car Batteries, sinkers (dense, electrical conductor).
• Laptops, seat belt buckles (elec conductor, malleable).
• Batteries (electrical conductor)
• Jewellery, table wear, (Ductile, durable, metallic lustre, malleable).

Question 17

Metals:
what can these metals be used for and why?
-Aluminium
-Gold
-Iron
-Copper

Answer 17

• Cans, foil, kitchen utensils, Aeroplane parts. (High boiling point, malleable, shiny).
• Jewellery, dental gear, medals (Ductile, metallic lustre, durable, malleable).
• Pots and Pans (high boiling point, malleable, dense).
• Electrical equipment (ductile, electrical conductor).

Question 18

What is a chemical change?

Answer 18

New substance formed
-change in colour
-gas given off
-precipitation
-Heat produced
Difficult or impossible to reverse
(roasting a marshmallow)

Question 19

What is a physical change?

Answer 19

-No new substance is formed just a change in physical state.
-Easy to reverse.
(water to ice, boiling/freezing).

Question 20

Define:

• Atom

- Iron

Answer 20

• Smallest particle of an element.

- An atom that has gained or lost an electron and has a positive or negative charge.