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Science > Chemistry Y10 > Flashcards

Chemistry Y10 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are groups and Periods?

A
  • Groups are vertical (1-18) (no of valence electrons)

- Periods are horizontal (1-7) (no of occupied shells)

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2
Q

Define Neutralisation

A

When there is an equal number of hydrogen and Hydroxide ions so they can cancel each other out

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3
Q
  • What is the test for carbon dioxide?

- What is the test for Hydrogen?

A

-Limewater test:
You collect the carbon dioxide (CO2) bubbles through a tube and direct them into lime water. if it goes cloudy CO2 is present.
-Pop Test:
Hold a burning splint over a test tubes filled with gas. If a pop is heard then H+ is present.

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4
Q
  • Acid + Base =
  • Acid + Metal =
  • Acid + metal Carbonate =
A

-Salt + Water
-Metal Salt + Hydrogen Gas
+Metal salt + Carbon Dioxide (CO2) + water

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5
Q

Concentration:

  • Define
  • Give formula
  • unit
A
  • The amount of substance per given volume
  • c=m/v
  • gl-1 or g/l
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6
Q

What are the concentrations?
H+H+ H+H+
H+H+ H+H+ H+H+
————————————————————–
OH-OH- OH-OH- OH-OH-
OH-OH- OH-OH-

A

1) High acidic concentration
2) Neutral
3) High basic concerntration

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7
Q

Ions:

  • Sodium Hydroxide
  • Ammonium
  • Calcium Carbonate
  • Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate
A
  • NaOH
  • NH3
  • CaCO3
  • NaHCO3
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8
Q

Ions:

  • Hydrochloric Acid
  • Sulfuric acid
  • Nitric acid
  • Ethanoic Acid
A
  • HCl
  • H2SO4
  • HNO4
  • CH3COOH
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9
Q

Bases:

  • Define:
  • What are the properties of a Base?
A 
-A base is a substance that dissociates into Hydroxide (OH-) ions
Properties:
-Ph 7.1-14
-Turns red Litmus Blue
-Turns universal indicator blue-purple
-Caustic
-Bitter
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10
Q

Acids:

  • Define
  • What are the properties of an acid?
A 
-An acid is a substance that dissociates into hydrogen ions (H+)
Properties:
-Ph 1-6.9
-Turns Blue Litmus red
-Turns universal indicator yellow-red
-Corrosive
-Sour
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11
Q

Ions x2:

  • Chloride
  • Nitrate
  • Hydrogen Carbonate
  • Ethanoate
A
  • Cl-
  • N)3
  • HCO3
  • CH3COO
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12
Q

Ions x2:

  • Ammonium
  • Sulphate
  • Carbonate
  • Hydroxide
A
  • NH4
  • SO4^2
  • CO3^2
  • OH-
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13
Q

Metals:

-Name 8 metals

A
  • Lead
  • Magnesium
  • Gold
  • Silver
  • Aluminium
  • Copper
  • Iron
  • Lithium
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14
Q

Metals:

-What are the properties of metals

A
  • Malleable
  • Ductile
  • Metallic Lustre (shiny)
  • High density
  • Solid at room temp
  • High boiling/melting point
  • Good electrical/heat conductor
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15
Q

Metals:

-What are the properties of non-metals?

A
  • Brittle
  • Low density
  • Not shiny
  • Low boiling/melting point
  • Solid, liquid or gas at room temp
  • Non ductile
  • Poor electrical or heat conductor
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16
Q 
Metals:
what can these metals be used for and why?
-Lead
-Magnesium
-Lithium
-Silver
A
  • Car Batteries, sinkers (dense, electrical conductor).
  • Laptops, seat belt buckles (elec conductor, malleable).
  • Batteries (electrical conductor)
  • Jewellery, table wear, (Ductile, durable, metallic lustre, malleable).
17
Q 
Metals:
what can these metals be used for and why?
-Aluminium
-Gold
-Iron
-Copper
A
  • Cans, foil, kitchen utensils, Aeroplane parts. (High boiling point, malleable, shiny).
  • Jewellery, dental gear, medals (Ductile, metallic lustre, durable, malleable).
  • Pots and Pans (high boiling point, malleable, dense).
  • Electrical equipment (ductile, electrical conductor).
18
Q

What is a chemical change?

A 
New substance formed
-change in colour
-gas given off
-precipitation
-Heat produced
Difficult or impossible to reverse
(roasting a marshmallow)
19
Q

What is a physical change?

A

-No new substance is formed just a change in physical state.
-Easy to reverse.
(water to ice, boiling/freezing).

20
Q

Define:

  • Atom

- Iron

A
  • Smallest particle of an element.

- An atom that has gained or lost an electron and has a positive or negative charge.

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