Chemistry Unit 4 Solutions & Solubility a)

Question 1

Another word for solution

Answer 1

homogenous

Question 2

A solution is …
State?

Answer 2

1)A mixture of 2+ substances that looks like one
2)Any combination of state (Solid Liquid Gas)

Question 3

Solvent

Answer 3

Substance GREATER in quantity
DOES the dissolving

Question 4

Solute

Answer 4

Substance LESSER in quantity
Dissolves INTO the solvent

Question 5

Concentrated solution

Answer 5

Solution with a relatively LARGE quantity of Solute compared to volume of the solution

Question 6

Dilute Solution

Answer 6

Solution with a relatively SMALL quantity of solute compared to volume

Question 7

Saturated solution

Answer 7

Solution containing MAXIMUM quantity of solute (At given temp and pressure)

Question 8

Unsaturated Solution

Answer 8

Solution containing LESS than max quantity of solute (At given temp and pressure)

Question 9

Supersaturated Solution

Answer 9

Solution containing MORE than max quantity of solute (Crystals form at given temp and pressure)

Question 10

TO dissolve Ionic compounds one must…

Answer 10

Break the bonds within the compound

Question 11

Water wins (what is state)

Answer 11

Aqueous

Question 12

Water loses

Answer 12

Solid

Question 13

Two processes of dissolving a Ionic compound

Answer 13

Dissociation & Hydration

Question 14

Process of Dissociation

Answer 14

Ions separate from crystal lattice to dissolve into water

Question 15

Process of Hydration

Answer 15

Ions are surrounded by water molecules (helps stabilize ions so that they don’t re-attach)

Question 16

Is water involved in a dissociation equation? Why or Why not?

Answer 16

NO, because dissolving is a physical change

Question 17

3 weird molecular qualities of water

Answer 17

1) Water is usually strong b/c intermolecular forces stick well together
2) Its size and polarity is increased
3) Hydrogen bonding forces “stickiness” to hold molecules

Question 18

5 unusual properties of water

Answer 18

1) High melting & boiling point
2)Expansion when cooling from 4-0C
3) High surface tension
4) Exchange in thermal energy with little change in temperature
5) Inability to mix with non-polar compounds

Question 19

Miscible

Answer 19

Liquids that mix in ALL proportions

Question 20

Immiscible

Answer 20

Liquid that DO NOT mix

Question 21

Solvent - Polar
Solution - Polar
DOES IT DISSOLVE?

Answer 21

YES

Question 22

Solvent- Non-polar
Solution- Polar
DOES IT DISSOLVE?

Answer 22

NOPE

Question 23

Solvent- Non-polar
Solution- Non-polar
DOES IT DISSOLVE?

Answer 23

YES

Question 24

Surfactant; What does it do?

Answer 24

Compound that reduces surface tension of a solvent ; Allows polar solvent (water) to mix with a non-polar liquid (oil)

Question 25

Examples of surfactants

Answer 25

Detergents & Soap

Question 26

Solubility

Answer 26

Max mass of solute that can be dissolved per 100mL (100g) of water at a given temperature

Question 27

5 Factors that affect the rate of dissolving

Answer 27

1) Temperature 2) Agitation 3) Particle Size 4) Pressure 5) Type of Solvent

Question 28

When a Solid's temperature goes up, how well does it dissolve?

Answer 28

Dissolving and solubility increases

Question 29

When a fluid's (liquid/gas) temp rises, is it more soluble or not?

Answer 29

High temp= decreasing solubility

Question 30

Agitating (shaking/stirring) creates ______ interaction between _________ and ______________ making particles increase or decrease dissolving?

Answer 30

more, solute, solvent. INCREASE

Question 31

Agitating gas in a liquid makes it increase or decrease in disolving?

Answer 31

DECREASE

Question 32

The smaller the particle size, the ____________ surface area and the ______________ the solubility

Answer 32

HIGHER, HIGHER

Question 33

The bigger the particle size, the _______________ the surface area, the ___________________ the solubility

Answer 33

LOWER, LOWER

Question 34

Pressure usually applies to ____________ b/c ......

Answer 34

gases; b/c pressure does not have a grand effect on liquids and solids since they're harder to compress

Question 35

The higher pressure makes it more or less soluble?

Answer 35

More

Question 36

The lower pressure makes it more or less soluble?

Answer 36

Less

Question 37

The solute has to "___________" the _______________

Answer 37

match; solvent