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Chemistry Gr 11 > Chemistry Unit 4 Solutions & Solubility a) > Flashcards

Chemistry Unit 4 Solutions & Solubility a) Flashcards

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1
Q

Another word for solution

A

homogenous

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2
Q

A solution is …
State?

A

1)A mixture of 2+ substances that looks like one
2)Any combination of state (Solid Liquid Gas)

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3
Q

Solvent

A

Substance GREATER in quantity
DOES the dissolving

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4
Q

Solute

A

Substance LESSER in quantity
Dissolves INTO the solvent

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5
Q

Concentrated solution

A

Solution with a relatively LARGE quantity of Solute compared to volume of the solution

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6
Q

Dilute Solution

A

Solution with a relatively SMALL quantity of solute compared to volume

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7
Q

Saturated solution

A

Solution containing MAXIMUM quantity of solute (At given temp and pressure)

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8
Q

Unsaturated Solution

A

Solution containing LESS than max quantity of solute (At given temp and pressure)

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9
Q

Supersaturated Solution

A

Solution containing MORE than max quantity of solute (Crystals form at given temp and pressure)

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10
Q

TO dissolve Ionic compounds one must…

A

Break the bonds within the compound

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11
Q

Water wins (what is state)

A

Aqueous

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12
Q

Water loses

A

Solid

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13
Q

Two processes of dissolving a Ionic compound

A

Dissociation & Hydration

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14
Q

Process of Dissociation

A

Ions separate from crystal lattice to dissolve into water

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15
Q

Process of Hydration

A

Ions are surrounded by water molecules (helps stabilize ions so that they don’t re-attach)

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16
Q

Is water involved in a dissociation equation? Why or Why not?

A

NO, because dissolving is a physical change

17
Q

3 weird molecular qualities of water

A

1) Water is usually strong b/c intermolecular forces stick well together
2) Its size and polarity is increased
3) Hydrogen bonding forces “stickiness” to hold molecules

18
Q

5 unusual properties of water

A

1) High melting & boiling point
2)Expansion when cooling from 4-0C
3) High surface tension
4) Exchange in thermal energy with little change in temperature
5) Inability to mix with non-polar compounds

19
Q

Miscible

A

Liquids that mix in ALL proportions

20
Q

Immiscible

A

Liquid that DO NOT mix

21
Q

Solvent - Polar
Solution - Polar
DOES IT DISSOLVE?

A

YES

22
Q

Solvent- Non-polar
Solution- Polar
DOES IT DISSOLVE?

A

NOPE

23
Q

Solvent- Non-polar
Solution- Non-polar
DOES IT DISSOLVE?

A

YES

24
Q

Surfactant; What does it do?

A

Compound that reduces surface tension of a solvent ; Allows polar solvent (water) to mix with a non-polar liquid (oil)

25
Q

Examples of surfactants

A

Detergents & Soap

26
Q

Solubility

A

Max mass of solute that can be dissolved per 100mL (100g) of water at a given temperature

27
Q

5 Factors that affect the rate of dissolving

A

1) Temperature
2) Agitation
3) Particle Size
4) Pressure
5) Type of Solvent

28
Q

When a Solid’s temperature goes up, how well does it dissolve?

A

Dissolving and solubility increases

29
Q

When a fluid’s (liquid/gas) temp rises, is it more soluble or not?

A

High temp= decreasing solubility

30
Q

Agitating (shaking/stirring) creates ______ interaction between _________ and ______________ making particles increase or decrease dissolving?

A

more, solute, solvent. INCREASE

31
Q

Agitating gas in a liquid makes it increase or decrease in disolving?

A

DECREASE

32
Q

The smaller the particle size, the ____________ surface area and the ______________ the solubility

A

HIGHER, HIGHER

33
Q

The bigger the particle size, the _______________ the surface area, the ___________________ the solubility

A

LOWER, LOWER

34
Q

Pressure usually applies to ____________ b/c ……

A

gases; b/c pressure does not have a grand effect on liquids and solids since they’re harder to compress

35
Q

The higher pressure makes it more or less soluble?

A

More

36
Q

The lower pressure makes it more or less soluble?

A

Less

37
Q

The solute has to “___________” the _______________

A

match; solvent

Chemistry Gr 11 (6 decks)

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