Chemistry States of matter- Separation techniques Flashcards
Separation Techniques
Types of separation by physical properties
Filtration, sifting, magnetism
Separation By physical properties
A method that uses differences in physical properties such as size to separate the components of a mixture.
Filtration
Separates solids from liquids using a filter that allows small liquid particles to pass through while the solid particles stay trapped in the filter.
siffting
Sifting: Particles are separated by using a mesh. Large clumped particles stay stuck in the mesh while the small ones pass through.
magnetism
Magnetism: Uses magnets to separate magnetic minerals from non-magnetic minerals by using magnetic force
separation by phase change
These methods exploit differences in states of matter
types of separation by phase change
Evaporation, Freezing and Distillation
Distillation
seperating liquids from a solution by evaporating it and tehn condensing it back into liquid
Separation by solubility
Separates components of a mixture based on its ability to dissolve in water
Types of separation by solubility
Dissolution and crystallization
Dissolution
Dissolves one component and separates it from the undissolved substance
Crystalization
Separation by density
Techniques that rely on the differences in density between components
Types of separation by density
Centrifugation and sedimentation
Centrifugation
A mechanical process that uses rapid spinning to separate components, components with a heavy mass move to the bottom.
