Chemistry Solubility Flashcards
What direction, on a graph, would the line depicting a heating curve go?
Bottom to top
Describe, using particle theory, a change of state.
Solid heated therefore particles vibrate quicker until sufficient vibration to overrule force of attraction between particles
Change of state occurs
Why doesn’t a solid at melting point/liquid at boiling point change temperature, despite being heated?
All energy supplied is used to overcome forces of attraction
What is the term for when a gas turns into a liquid?
Condensation
What will happen to the melting and boiling points if a substance contains impurities?
Increases
What does a line on a graph look like when a solid is actively converting to a liquid?
Horizontal
Why does mercury move up the thermometer when it is heated?
It expands up the tube
How can you identify whether water is pure?
Check its boiling point is 100°C and its freezing point is 0°C
Why do different liquids have different boiling points?
Some particles have stronger forces of attraction between particles, so require more kinetic energy and consequently temperature to overcome them.
Define evaporation
When molecules at the surface have sufficient energy to escape from the surface of the liquid as gas.
Define boiling
When all the molecule in a liquid have enough energy to overcome the force of attraction
What are boiling points, in terms of pressure?
Temperatures at which the vapour pressure of the liquid is equal to atmospheric pressure.
What, in terms of pressure, is boiling?
When pressure of vapour is increased until equal to atmospheric pressure, and the pressure inside the bubbles in enough to stop them collapsing under the pressure of the surrounding liquid and they can rise and escape
Why does water boil at a lower temperature on Mount Everest?
Atmospheric pressure is lower, so vapour pressure doesn’t have to be as high for boiling to occur
Define solubility.
The ability of a substance to be dissolved in 100g of water.
