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Chemistry > Chemistry Rotation Final > Flashcards

Chemistry Rotation Final Flashcards

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1
Q

How often do you change the filter for HGB A1C QC (Tosoh)?

A

Every 400 samples

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2
Q

How often do you change the column for HGB A1C QC (Tosoh)?

A

Every 2500 samples

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3
Q

When do you change the duck bill on the DXI?

A

5,000 samples maintenance

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4
Q

When do you clean the probes on the DXI?

A

10,000 samples maintenance

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5
Q

What 3 tests are important to indicate a myocardial infarction?

A

CPK, AST, LDH

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6
Q

When will a BHCG do an automatic dilution?

A

> 1300

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7
Q

What is the formula for urine creatinine clearance?

A

C (mL/min) = (U x V)/P x (1.73)/(SA pt)

SA pt = surface area of patient
C = clearance in mL/min
V = urine volume in mL
U = urine creatinine
P = plasma creatinine

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8
Q

What does the yellow rack mean?

A

Remap

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9
Q

What does the blue rack mean?

A

Routine

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10
Q

What does the white rack mean?

A

Pre-spun

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11
Q

What does the red rack mean?

A

STAT

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12
Q

What is LIH and what do the results mean?

A

LIH = lipemic, icteric, hemolyzed
1 or 2 = slightly hemolyzed
3 or 4 = very hemolyzed; results are heavily affected and request a redraw or take from another tube of same preservative

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13
Q

What values for males and females would there be a CPK w/ MB reflex?

A

Males: CPK >180
Females: CPK >100

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14
Q

If troponin is increased, what else should also be increased?

A

MB

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15
Q

What is a pour over?

A

Increased potassium and decreased calcium due to pour over from K EDTA tube. Caused by potassium in the EDTA and calcium binding EDTA.

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16
Q

When would a direct LDL be ran instead of a calculated LDL?

A

Triglycerides >400

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17
Q

Gray vs green tops for glucose

A

Gray top is good for glucose specimens because it does not break glucose down. Contains sodium fluoride/potassium oxalate.

Green top is bad for glucose specimens because it can falsely decrease glucose.

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18
Q

What is the formula for anion gap?

A

(Na) - (Co2 + Cl)

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19
Q

What does a 0 error mean on the line?

A

Barcode error

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20
Q

What does a 7 error mean on the line?

A

Gripper error

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21
Q

What does a 340 error mean on the line?

A

AU connection error

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22
Q

What westgard rule is a single control outside 2 SD?

A

1 2s

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23
Q

What westgard rule is a single control outside 3 SD?

A

1 3s

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24
Q

What westgard rule are two consecutive control results greater than 2 SD?

A

2 2s

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25
Q

What westgard rule is when there is a 4 SD difference between control values?

A

R 4s

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26
Q

What westgard rule is when there is 3 consecutive results greater than 1 SD on the same side of the mean?

A

3 1s

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27
Q

What westgard rule is when there are four consecutive results greater than 1 SD on the same side of the mean?

A

4 1s

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28
Q

What westgard rule is when there is a trend of 10 on one side of the mean?

A

10x

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29
Q

What specimens may not be loaded on the automated line?

A

Troponins, short draws, body fluids, HIV, CSF, ETOH, Cancer center specimens, urine CA/urine PHOS

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30
Q

What is the stability time for ionized calcium?

A

4 hours on ice. Ice required

31
Q

What is the stability time for lactic acid?

A

30 min on ice. Ice required

32
Q

What is the stability time for ABG?

A

30 min @ RT, 1 hour on ice

33
Q

What is the stability time for blood pH?

A

stable for 30 min @ RT and on ice

34
Q

What is the FFN test?

A

It assesses the risk of pre-term delivery

35
Q

What are the four methods of measurement used by the radiometer?

A

Potentiometry, amperometry, optical pO2, spectrophotometry

36
Q

What method does the osmometer use?

A

Freezing point depression

37
Q

What type of analyzer is the Tosoh G8?

A

Ion exchange HPLC

38
Q

Describe the acceptability of POO errors?

A

POO = unidentifiable peak due to hemoglobin variant. If the POO peak eluted after the AO peak (larger retention time) results are acceptable. If it eluted before, we cannot use this method

39
Q

Critical value for ionized calcium?

A

<0.8 or >1.50

40
Q

Critical value for pH?

A

<7.2 or >7.6

41
Q

Critical value for lactic acid?

A

> 4.0

42
Q

What are the cardiac markers and what do they help assess

A

BNP: congestive heart failure
CKMB: myocardial infarction
Troponin: myocardial infarction

43
Q

What marker is CEA?

A

colorectal cancer marker

44
Q

What marker is PSA?

A

prostate cancer marker

45
Q

Critical value for troponin

A

> 0.5

46
Q

What type of reaction does the DXI perform?

A

chemiluminescent immunoassay

47
Q

Critical value for sodium

A

<120 or >160

48
Q

Critical value for potatssium

A

<3 or >6

49
Q

Critical value for calcium

A

<6.5 or >12

50
Q

Critical value for glucose

A

<50 or >500

51
Q

Critical value for magnesium

A

<1 or >5

52
Q

Critical value for phosphorus

A

<1

53
Q

Critical value for anion gap

A

> 30

54
Q

Critical value for CO2, Total

A

<10 or >45

55
Q

What tests are affected by hemolysis?

A

Potassium, Iron, AST, magnesium, ferritin, folate, and ammonia

56
Q

Normal range for pH; what does increased or decreased values mean?

A

7.35-7.45
decreased = acidosis
increased = alkalosis

57
Q

Normal range for pCO2; what does increased or decreased values mean?

A

35-45
decreased = alkalosis
increased = acidosis

58
Q

Normal range for pHCO3; what does increased or decreased values mean?

A

22-26
increased = alkalosis
decreased = acidosis

59
Q

Normal range for pO2; what does increased or decreased values mean?

A

80-100
increased = hyperoxygenated
decreased = hypoxic

60
Q

ROME

A

Respiratory opposite (opposite directions of CO2 and HCO3)
Metabolic equal (equal directions CO2 and HCO3

61
Q

What tests need a manual dilution on the AU?

A

Albumin, CRP, Cholesterol, Magnesium, Methotrexate, Phenytoin, Glucose, Urine calcium, Phenobarbital

62
Q

What tests are measured in the ISE moedule?

A

Na, K, Cl

63
Q

What type of lamp is on the AU 5800?

A

Halogen

64
Q

When does the p24 antigen first appear? When does the HIV antibody first appear?

A

p24 –> within first 2 weeks of HIV infection
HIV antibody –> 23 to 90 days post exposure

65
Q

HBsAg

A

Hepatitis B surface antigen - first seriological marker after infection with HBV; will go away if acute

66
Q

Anti-HBc

A

Hepatitis B core antibody Total - appears after HBsAg and indicates current/previous exposure to virus

67
Q

Anti-HBs

A

Hepatitis B surface antibody - can indicate previous exposure to HBV or HBV vaccination

68
Q

What is positive that is consistent with a previous hepatitis B infection?

A

Hep B surface antibody (Anti-HBs)
Hep B core antibody Total (Anti-HBc)

69
Q

What is positive that is consistent with a Hep B vaccine?

A

Only Hep B surface antibody (Anti-HBs)

70
Q

What is positive that is consistent with a chronic Hep B infection?

A

Hep B surface antigen (HBsAg)
Hep B Core Antibody Total (Anti-HBc)

71
Q

What is a normal hepatitis profile?

A

Negative for everything :)

72
Q

What type of reaction does the Architect perform?

A

Immunoassay –> chemiluminescent microparticle

73
Q

What are the names of the immunosuppressant drugs ran on the Architect?

A

Tacro, Siro, and Cyclo

74
Q

What is CCP?

A

A marker for rheumatoid arthritis

Chemistry (12 decks)

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