Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry IGCSE > Chemistry Paper 2 > Flashcards

Chemistry Paper 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Catalyst in catalytic cracking

A

Alumina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why convert long-chain alkanes into shorter-chain alkanes

A

Greater demand for shorter-chain alkanes - more useful
More long-chain alkanes present than needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Alkane and Alkene general formulas

A

Alkane: CnH2n+2
Alkene: CnH2n

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why is given metal in question good conductor of electricity

A

given metal in question has delocalised electrons
Free to move

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Obsv. of oxygen at positive electrode

A

Effervescence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Explain a colour change in electrolysis

A

specific colour from specific ions removed from the solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

OIL RIG

A

oxidation is loss
reduction is gain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

colour change methyl orange indicator

A

yellow to red/orange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

n = cv

A

moles (mol) = concentration (mol/dm^3) x volume (dm^3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

convert from dm^3 to cm^3

A

multiply by 1000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How catalyst increase rate of reaction

A

Provides alternate pathway
Lower activation energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why carbon monoxide (CO) poisonous for humans

A

Prevents blood carrying oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Insoluble base method to make soluble salts

A

Heat acid
Add acid until no more dissolves
Filter out excess base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

n = v/24

A

moles (n) = total volume (dm^3)/24 (dm^3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why does water in a bell jar rise

A

Oxygen used in reaction so volume decrease
Water level rises to take place of oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

After O2 removed from a bell jar why is air 99% Nitrogen left

A

Percentages of Argon and Co2 in air are very small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Why can’t Aluminium be extracted from heating Aluminium Oxide with Carbon

A

More reactive than carbon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why is alloy harder than pure aluminium

A

In pure metal, same size regular arranged atoms: layers slide over each other easily
In alloy different sized particles disrupt are more randomly arranged
Harder for layers to slide over each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When 2 lines cross on graph at highest temp then…

A

Acid full reacted
Alkali neutralised acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Catalyst for formation of esters

A

Sulfuric Acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Another product in condensation polymerisation reaction

A

Water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Biopolyester meaning

A

Polymer is biodegradable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Label apparatus

A

Pipette

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Label apparatus

A

Burette

25
Q

Test for carbonate ions in sodium carbonate solution = e.g.

A

Add HCl to Sodium Carbonate
Bubble through limewater
Limewater turns cloudy

26
Q

Why doesn’t NaCl conduct electricity when solid

A

In solid, sodium ions cannot move
When molten or in solution ions are free to move

27
Q

Test for hydrogen

A

Squeaky pop test with lit splint

28
Q

Ionic half-equation for O2

A

2H2O –> 4H+ + 1O2 + 4e-

29
Q

Why does hydrogen gas form at a negative electrode

A

Solution contains hydrogen ions
Attracted to cathode (negative electrode)
Hydrogen ions gain electrons
Form hydrogen molecules

30
Q

Titration method for making soluble salts

A

Perform titration
Repeat titration - but don’t put indicator in
Use burette to add exact volume needed

31
Q

Making soluble salt via crystallization

A

Heat salt solution
Until crystals start forming
Let cool in evaporating basin for few days
Filter out crystals
Dry crystals with filter paper

32
Q

Method of separation to separate sand from salt solution

A

Filtration

33
Q

Method of separation to obtain water from salt solution

A

Simple distillation

34
Q

In simple distillation what apparatus moves water in and out of column

A

condenser

35
Q

Which element in earth most likely found as unreactive metal

A

Silver least reactive element

36
Q

Tell me reactivity series

A
37
Q

Structural formula of alcohol containing one carbon atom
and two carbon atoms

A

One carbon atom: CH3OH
Two carbon atom: CH3CH2OH

38
Q

Process convert glucose to ethanol

A

fermentation

39
Q

Why is a specific organic unsaturated hydrocarbon

A

Contains double carbon carbon bond
Hydrocarbon as it contains carbon and hydrogen
Only

40
Q

Draw me an exothermic energy profile (-delta H)

A

Ensure arrow below peak pointing towards peak showing activation energy

41
Q

Draw me endothermic energy profile (+delta H)

A

Ensure arrow below peak pointing towards peak showing activation energy

42
Q

Why not use material for electrodes

A

Material wont react with the reactant

43
Q

Test for sulfate ions

A

add Barium Chloride
White precipitate forms

44
Q

Effect on yield when temp increases pressure same

A

Higher yield of substance
Equilibrium shifts right because reaction endothermic (shifts in direction of equilibrium)

45
Q

Effect on yield when pressure increases

A

Equilibrium shifts to side with most moles
If moles are equal
No effect

46
Q

Dynamic Equilibrium means…

A

Forward and reverse happens at same rate
Concentration of reactants and products remain constant

47
Q

Test for ammonia

A

Red litmus paper
Turns blue

48
Q

methyl orange

A

red - acid
yellow - alkaline

49
Q

With catalyst activation energy is …

A

Lower

50
Q

Oxidising ethanol to ethanoic acid by…

A

Adding potassium dichromate (VI)
and sulfuric acid
Colour change orange to green

51
Q

Ethanoic acid

A

CH3COOH

52
Q

Why do covalent compounds not conduct electricity

A

Electrons held tightly in strong covalent bonds
Electrons are not free to move

53
Q

Explain decrease in reactivity in group 7

A

React by gaining one electron
Bromine atom larger than chlorine atom
Bromine atoms has weaker force of attraction from nucleus
So bromine less tendency to gain electrons and form negative iom

54
Q

Particles in a liquid can…

A

Move randomly

55
Q

Describe method to find out which solids act as catalysts

A

Do experiment using hydrogen peroxide solution only
Use known volume of hydrogen peroxide solution
Measure volume of gas collected in a certain time period
Repeat using same volume of hydrogen peroxide solution
with known mass/amount of solid X (then Y,
then Z)
Measure time for same volume of oxygen gas to be collected after reaction (remove solid/X/Y/Z by filtration
and dry) find mass of solid/X/Y/Z /check if mass
unchanged

56
Q

Making insoluble salts via precipitation

A

Filter out salt precipitate
Rinse with distilled water
Dry salt with filter paper and place in drying oven

57
Q

Describe how crude oil is separated into fractions in the fractionating column.

A

Crude oil heated
Gases rise up column
Column hotter at bottom than top
Hydrocarbons condense at boiling points

58
Q

Test for unsaturated hydrocarbon

A

Add bromine water
which turns colourless

59
Q

How to perform titration

A

Rinse burette with sodium hydroxide
Fill burette with sodium hydroxide
Add few drops of methyl orange indicator
Add sodium hydroxide from burette until indicator permanently changes color
Swirl conical flask
Record initial and final volume
Repeat until concordant results

Chemistry IGCSE (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions