Chemistry Paper 1 Flashcards
What is the top number on an element on the periodic table?
The relative atomic mass of
What is the charge and mass of a proton?
Charge:+1
Mass:1
What is the charge and mass of a neutron?
Charge:0
Mass:1
What is the charge and mass of an electron?
Charge:-1
Mass:1/1840
Which number on an element is the Proton and electron number?
The bottom number.
How do you work out the number of neutrons?
Top number - bottom number
What are isotopes?
Isotopes are elements with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
What is group 1?
The alkali metals.
-one electron in outer shell (want to lose it)
-soft, solids,stored in oil because they’re reactive with oxygen.
-react with water to make an alkaline solution.
What is group 0?
The noble gases.
-untreated as they have a full outer shell of electrons- stable arrangement.
-gases at room temperature
-boiling points increase as you move down the group.
What do acids produce when dissolved in water?
H+ ions.
What do bases neutralise?
Acids.
Alkalis are soluble bases, what do they produce when dissolves in water?
OH ions.
What would pH 1 mean?
Strong acid.
What would pH 7 mean?
Neutral.
What would pH 14 mean?
Strong alkali.
What is formed when an acid or base is neutralised?
Salt.
What colour are acids, neutrals and alkalis on the pH scale?
-acids: red
-neutral: green
-alkali: purple
What is made: metals + acids ->
?
Salt + hydrogen
What is made: metal oxide + acid -> ?
Salt + water
What is made: metal hydroxide + acid -> ?
Salt + water
What is made: metal carbonate + acid -> ?
Salt + water + carbon dioxide
What is made: ammonia + acid -> ?
Salt.
What is a pure element?
A substance that contains only one type of atom and has a definite melting point.
What is a mixture?
An impure substance with a varied melting point.
What is a formulation?
A mixture that has been designed as a useful product. Made by mixing measured quantities to ensure the required properties.
What are examples of formulations?
-fuels
-medicine
-cleaning agents
-paints
-alloys
What is group 7?
The halogens.
