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Extra - Science > Chemistry - organics 2 > Flashcards

Chemistry - organics 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the functional group of alcohols?

A
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2
Q

What is the functional group of carboxylic acids?

A
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3
Q

What is the functional group of esters?

A
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4
Q

What is the equation for the complete oxidation of ethanol?

A

C2H5OH + 3O2 –> 2CO2 + 3H2O

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5
Q

What is the equation for the complete combustion of ethanol?

A

C2H5OH + 3O2 –> 2CO2 + 3H2O

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6
Q

How can ethanol be oxidised to ethanoic acid?

A
  1. Oxidised with atmospheric oxygen: by microbial action
  2. Oxidised chemically: heating with potassium dichromate(IV) and dilute sulfuric acid
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7
Q

How is fermentation carried out?

A
  • Make a sugar solution
  • Add yeast
  • In an absence of air
  • 30oC
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8
Q

What are the two ways of manufacturing ethanol?

A

Fermentation

Hydration of ethene

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9
Q

How is hydration of ethene carried out?

A
  • Ethene is mixed with steam
  • 300oC
  • 60-70 atm
  • With a catalyst of phosphoric acid
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10
Q

Why is an absence of air/oxygen important for fermentation?

A

Air will oxidise ethanol to produce ethanoic acid after the ethanol is produced

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11
Q

Why is there an optimum temperature for fermentation?

What is it?

A
  1. Emzymes at an optimum temperature perform the quickest
  2. 30oC
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12
Q

Describe the reaction between ethanoic acid and magnesum ribbon

A

Effervesence

Magnesium dissolves

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13
Q

What are the products when ethanoic acid reacts with magnesium ribbon?

A

Magnesium ethanote

Hydrogen

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14
Q

What gas given off from a reaction between ethanoic acid and sodium carbonate causes effervesence?

A

Carbon dioxide

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15
Q

What are the prducts when ethanoic acid reacts with sodium carabonate?

A

Sodium ethanoate

Water

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16
Q

What common liquid contains ethanoic acid?

A

Vinegar

17
Q

What is formed when ethanol reacts with ethanoic acid?

A

Ethly ethanoate

18
Q

What catalyst is required when reacting ethanol with ethanoic acid?

A

Concentrated sulfuric acid

19
Q

What are two properties of esters?

A

Volatile

Distinctive smell

20
Q

What are two uses of esters?

A

Food flavourings

Perfumes

21
Q

What is the word equation for the formation of a polyester?

A

Diol + Dicarboxylic acid –> Polyester + Water

22
Q

What does it mean when an organic chemical contains the letters: ‘di’?

A

There are two copies of the functional group

23
Q

What is a polyester an example of?

A

A condensation polymer

24
Q

Some polyesters, a type of polymer, are biodegradable. What name is given to these?

A

Biopolyester

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