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Extra - Science > Chemistry - chemical tests > Flashcards

Chemistry - chemical tests Flashcards

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1
Q

For the flame test of potassium compounds, what colour flame appears?

A

Lilac flame

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2
Q

For the flame test of copper(II) compounds, what colour flame appears?

A

Blue-green flame

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3
Q

For the flame test of sodium compounds, what colour flame appears?

A

Yellow flame

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4
Q

For the flame test of lithium compounds, what colour flame appears?

A

Red flame

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5
Q

For the flame test of calcium compounds, what colour flame appears?

A

Orange-red flame

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6
Q

What is formed when copper(II) solutions are reacted with sodium hydroxide?

A

Blue precipitate

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7
Q

What is formed when iron(II) solutions are reacted with sodium hydroxide?

A

Green precipitate

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8
Q

What is formed when iron(III) solutions are reacted with sodium hydroxide?

A

Brown precipitate

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9
Q

Describe how to test for copper(II), iron(II) or iron(III)

A

Make a solution
Add sodium hydroxide solution
Note the precipitate colour

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10
Q

For the test for halides, what is formed when testing for the presence of chloride ions?

A

A white precipitate

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11
Q

For the test for halides, what is formed when testing for the presence of bromide ions?

A

A cream precipitate

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12
Q

For the test for halides, what is formed when testing for the presence of iodide ions?

A

A yellow precipitate

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13
Q

Describe the test for hydrogen

A

Place a flaming splint near the gas

Squeaky pop

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14
Q

Describe the test for oxygen

A

Place a glowing splint in a test tube of the gas

Relights

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15
Q

Describe the test for carbon dioxide

A

Bubble the gas through limewater

Goes cloudy

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16
Q

Describe the test for ammonia

A

Place damp red litmus paper in the gas

Goes blue

17
Q

Describe the test for chlorine

A

Place damp blue litmus paper in the gas
Goes red
Then bleaches

18
Q

How do you carry out a flame test?

A

Dip a nichrome wire into concentrated hydrochloric acid
Add the solid to the wire
Place in a Bunsen flame
Record and compare the colour of the flame

19
Q

Describe the test for ammonium

A 
Add dilute nitric acids to make an acidic solution
Add sodium hydroxide solution
Heat
Place red litmus paper in the gas
Goes blue
20
Q

Describe how to test for the presence of water

A

Add anhydrous copper(II) sulphate

Goes from white to blue

21
Q

Describe how to test if water is pure

A

It will melt at 0C
(Melting point of 0C)
It will boil at 100C
(Boiling point of 100C)

22
Q

Describe how to test for a halide

A

Make a solution
Add nitric acid
Add silver nitrate solution
Note the precipitate colour

23
Q

Describe the test for sulfate

A

Make a solution
Add hydrochloric acid
Add barium chloride solution
White precipitate forms

24
Q

Describe the test for carbonate

A 
Make a solution
Add hydrochloric acid
Effervescence occurs
Test for carbon dioxide:
(Bubble through limewater
Goes cloudy)
25
Q

What colour is methyl orange in acid?

A

Red

26
Q

What colour is methyl orange in alkali?

A

Yellow

27
Q

What colour is litmus in acid?

A

Red

28
Q

What colour is litmus in alkali?

A

Blue

29
Q

What colour is phenolphthalein in acid?

A

Colourless

30
Q

What colour is phenolphthalein in alkali?

A

Pink

31
Q

What ions are responsible for an acidic solution?

A

H+

32
Q

What ions are responsible for an alkali solution?

A

OH-

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