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Chemistry > Chemistry of the atmosphere > Flashcards

Chemistry of the atmosphere Flashcards

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1
Q

What percentage of the atmosphere is made up nitrogen

A

80 %

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2
Q

What percentage of the atmosphere is made of oxygen

A

20%

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3
Q

What percentage of the atmosphere is made of argon

A

0.93%

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4
Q

What percentage of the atmosphere is made of carbon dioxide

A

0.04%

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5
Q

How did oxygen increase with algae and plants

A

These produced oxygen that is now in the atmosphere through photosynthesis

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6
Q

What is the equation photosynthesis

A

Carbon dioxide + water —> glucose + oxygen

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7
Q

What is a balanced equation for photosynthesis

A

6CO2 + 6H2O —-> C6 H12 06 + 6O2

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8
Q

Oxygen in the atmosphere was first produced by algae ….. years ago

A

2.7 billion

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9
Q

Over the next billion years plants evolved to about to gradually produce more oxygen,
what did this do

A

Gradually increased to a level that enabled animals to evolve

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10
Q

Billions of years ago there was an intense volcanic activity

A

This released gases mainly CO2 that formed to early atmosphere and water vapour condensed to form oceans

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11
Q

Other gases released from volcanic eruptions

A

Nitrogen was also released, gradually building up in the atmosphere
Small proportions of ammonia and methane were also produced.

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12
Q

Reducing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

A

When the oceans formed carbon dioxide dissolved into it

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13
Q

Explain how oceans forming meant there was a decrease in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

A

This formed carbonate precipitates, forming sediments.

Reducing levels off carbon dioxide of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

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14
Q

How did algae and plants reduce the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

A

They absorbed it for photosynthesis

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15
Q

How did the formation of sedimentary rocks are fossil fuels decrease carbon dioxide levels

A

Remains are biological matter fall to the bottom of the ocean.
Over millions of years layers of sediment sets on top of them and puts huge pressure then they turn them into coal oil natural gas and sedimentary rock.
This sedimentary rock contains carbon dioxide from the biological matter

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16
Q

What is the definition of carbon footprint

A

The total amount of greenhouse gasses emitted over the full life cycle of product/The Event.
Can be reduced by reducing emissions of carbon dioxide methane

17
Q

Greenhouse gases that maintain temperatures on earth in order to support life

A

Carbon dioxide, water vapour and methane

18
Q

What is the greenhouse effect

A

Radiation from the sun enters the atmosphere reflects off the Earth
Some of this radiation is re-radiated back by the atmosphere to the earth warming up global temperatures

19
Q

What do humans do to the levels of carbon dioxide

A

Increase the levels due to Burning fossil fuels and deforestation

20
Q

What humans do the level of methane

A

Increase the levels due to high levels of livestock and using landfills

21
Q

Human involvement with climate change

A

There is evidence to suggest that human activities will cause the earths atmospheric temperatures to increase and cause climate changetemperatures to increase and cause climate change

22
Q

Effects of climate change

A

Rising sea levels
Extreme weather
Change in the amount of distribution of rainfall
Extinction of certain species

23
Q

Atmospheric pollutants from combustion of fuels

A

Source of atmospheric pollutants most fuels contain some sulphur

24
Q

Atmospheric pollutants from Burning fuels

A 
Carbon dioxide
Water vapour
Carbon monoxide
Sulphur dioxide
Oxides of nitrogen
25
Q

(PARTICULATES) Solid particles and un burned hydrocarbons released when

A

Burning fuels

26
Q

Features of Carbon monoxide

A

Toxic
Colourless and odourless gas
Not easily detected and can kill

27
Q

Features of sulphur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen

A

Cause respiratory problems and in humans in an acid rain which affects the environment

28
Q

Features of particulates

A

Cause global dimming and health problems in humans

Chemistry (5 decks)

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