chemistry of life Flashcards
what is an organic compound
contains carbon, includes lipids proteins, and carbohydrates
what are functional groups made up of
amino (NH2), carbonyl (RCOR), carboxyl (COOH), hydroxyl (OH), phosphate(PO4) , sulfhydryl (SH)
what is a fat made up of
glycerol and 3 fatty acids
amino (NH2), carbonyl (RCOR), carboxyl (COOH), hydroxyl (OH), phosphate(PO4) , sulfhydryl (SH), make up what
functional groups
describe saturated fats
bad for you, solidifies at room temp
describe unsaturated fats
better for you, liquifies at room temp
what are steroids
lipids whose structures resemble chicken wire fence, includes cholesterol and sex hormones
what are phospholipids
glycerol + 2 fatty acids + 1 phosphate group, make up membrane bilayers of cells, have hydrophobic interiors and hydrophilic exteriors
glycerol + 2 fatty acids + 1 phosphate group, make up what
phospholipid
what are uses of carbohydrates
used for energy and structure
name a monosccharide
glucose
examples of a disaccharide
sucrose, maltose, lactose
common polysaccharides
starch, glycogen, chitin, and cellulose
what is a protein made of
made by ribosomes out of amino acids,
what are the functions of a protein
transport, enzymes, cell signals, receptor molecules, structural components, and channels
amino acid
molecules that combine to form protiens