Chemistry Honors 125: General Review

Question 1

stable ion found formed from a single atom

Answer 1

monatomic ion

Question 2

ionic compound consisting of only two elements

Answer 2

binary ionic compound

Question 3

unit formed when two elements bond with a covalent bond

Answer 3

molecular compound

Question 4

unit formed when ions bond with an ionic bond

Answer 4

formula unit

Question 5

two nonmetallic atoms joined by a covalent bond

Answer 5

binary molecular compound

Question 6

electron configuration of a stable ion

Answer 6

noble gas

Question 7

system of nomenclature used today for ions and compounds

Answer 7

Stock

Question 8

method used to determine an empirical formula

Answer 8

crossover

Question 9

the only polyatomic ion with a positive charge

Answer 9

ammonium

Question 10

suffix for oxyanion with greater number of oxygen atoms

Answer 10

-ate

Question 11

suffix for oxyanion with lesser number of oxygen atoms

Answer 11

–ite

Question 12

suffix for monatomic anion or more electronegative atom

Answer 12

-ide

Question 13

polyatomic anion that contains oxygen

Answer 13

oxyanion

Question 14

a numerical value that indicates the number of electrons an atom or ion contributes or receives in a chemical reaction

Answer 14

oxidation number

Question 15

a stable ion composed of two or more different atoms that function as a group

Answer 15

polyatomic ion

Question 16

When a cation has more than one positive charge, the charge is indicated with a ___ in parentheses after the name of the cation.

Answer 16

Roman numeral

Question 17

When naming ___ compounds, the name of the cation is written first; when naming ___ compounds, the name of the element with a lower electronegativity is written first.

Answer 17

binary ionic; binary molecular

Question 18

If the older nomenclature is used to name a binary molecular compound, a ___ is attached to the names of one or both of the elements in the compound.

Answer 18

suffix

Question 19

The second name of a binary molecular compound named under the older nomenclature consists of the ___ of the element name, a ___ if more than one compound may be formed, and the suffix ___.

Answer 19

root; prefix; -ide

Question 20

lithium oxide

Answer 20

Li₂O

Question 21

ammonium nitrate

Answer 21

NH₄NO₃

Question 22

calcium sulfate

Answer 22

CaSO₃

Question 23

potassium nitrate

Answer 23

KNO₃

Question 24

chromium (II) carbonate

Answer 24

CrCO₃

Question 25

nickel(II) phosphate

Answer 25

Ni₃(PO₄)

Question 26

a statement that expressed a chemical reaction in words

Answer 26

word equation

Question 27

an equation in which the reactants and products are represented by their formulas

Answer 27

chemical equation

Question 28

a substance added to speed up or slow down a chemical reaction

Answer 28

catalyst

Question 29

a list of elements in order according to their ability to donate or receiveelectrons in chemical reactions

Answer 29

activity series

Question 30

a reaction in which a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances

Answer 30

decomposition

Question 31

a reaction in which an element replaces a less active element in a compound

Answer 31

single replacement

Question 32

a reaction in which two or more chemical substances combine to form a new substance

Answer 32

synthesis

Question 33

a decomposition reaction caused by passing an electric current through a liquid

Answer 33

electrolysis

Question 34

a reaction in which the anions of two compounds in an aqueous solution exhcnage places to form two new compounds

Answer 34

double replacement

Question 35

the mass of a mole of an element or compound

Answer 35

molar mass

Question 36

A + X → AX

Answer 36

synthesis

Question 37

AX → A + X

Answer 37

decomposition

Question 38

AX + BY → AY + BX

Answer 38

double replacement

Question 39

A + BX → AX + B

Answer 39

single replacement

Question 40

the study of the quantitave relationships between substances involved in chemical changes

Answer 40

stoichiometry

Question 41

the study of quantitative relationships between elements within compounds

Answer 41

composition stoichiometry

Question 42

the study of quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions

Answer 42

reaction stoichiometry

Question 43

the quantity equal to the number of atoms in exactly 12.0 g of carbon-12

Answer 43

mole

Question 44

the units used to express formula mass

Answer 44

amu

Question 45

the reactant that controls a reaction

Answer 45

limiting reactant

Question 46

the mass in grams of one mole of an element

Answer 46

molar mass

Question 47

the maximum amount of a product that may result from a chemical reaction

Answer 47

theoretical yield

Question 48

the actual measured amount of a product that may result from a chemical reaction

Answer 48

actual yield

Question 49

the ratio of the actual yield to the theorietical yield

Answer 49

percent yield

Question 50

the relationship between the number of moles of one substnce and the number of moles of another substance in a chemical reaction

Answer 50

mole ratio

Question 51

the relationship used to find the number of moles of any reactant or poduct in a chemical reaction if you know the number of moles of at least one substance that enters the reaction

Answer 51

mole-mole

Question 52

the relationship used to find the number of moles of any reactant or product in a chemical reaction if you know the balanced equation for the reaction and if you know the mass of at least one substance that enters into the reaction

Answer 52

mass-mole

Question 53

the relationship used to find the mass of any reactant or product in a chemical reaction if you know the balanced equation for the reaction and if you know the number of moles of at least one substance that enters into the reaction

Answer 53

mole-mass

Question 54

the relationship used to find the mass of any reactant or product in a chemical reaction if you know the balanced equation for the reaction and if you know the mass of at least one substance that enters into the reaction

Answer 54

mass-mass

Question 55

mole-mole relationship simple equation

Answer 55

moles A → moles B

Question 56

mole-mass relationship simple equation

Question 57

mass-mole relationship simple equation

Answer 57

mass A → moles A → moles B

Question 58

mass-mass relationship simple equation

Answer 58

mass A → moles A → moles B → mass B

Question 59

percent yield

Answer 59

percent yield = theoretical yield/actual yield x 100%