Chemistry Chapter 17 Flashcards
The number “23” in the picture below, is sodium’s __________.
Mass number
True or False?
Each atomic symbol (element symbol) has one and only one capital letter.
TRUE
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0
The charge of a neutron.
Period trend
The gradual change of any property in the elements across a period in the periodic table.
Elements in purple on the right
Noble gases
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+1
The charge of a proton.
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Two atoms with the same atomic number, but different atomic masses.
isotopes
ALL atoms of iron have EXACTLY 26 protons. Some atoms of iron, however, have 29 neutrons, while others have 30 neutrons.
We would call these two different versions of the iron atom ______________.
Isotopes
What is the charge of a proton?
+1
Relative Atomic Mass
An average of all the different atomic masses of all the atoms of a chemical element.
(Remember, a chemical element can have isotopes that have different masses)
Many periodic tables use the term “Atomic Weight” for Relative Atomic Mass.
This is called?
The periodic table
Which particle makes almost no contribution to the total mass of an atom?
Electron
(That is why it is usually ignored when figuring out the mass of an atom.)
What do we call the family of elements in dark blue?
Alkali metals
What subatomic particle is found in the areas around and outside the nucleus?
Electron
What do we call the elements in the two special rows at the bottom?
Inner transition metals.
atomic nucleus
The center part of an atom with the protons and neutrons.
By the way, the nucleus pictured here is WAY, WAY, WAY, bigger than would be proportional. In a real atom, the diameter of the nucleus is less than 1/1000 of the diameter of the whole atom.
Atomic Number
The number of protons an atom has.
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A chart in which the elements are organized by their properties and behaviors.
Periodic table
What do we call the elements in red?
Alkaline-earth metals
True or false?
Relative Atomic Mass is an average
TRUE
(and the relative atomic mass of Lithium is 6.941)
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What metallic property is shown in the image below?
(notice the shinyness)
metallic luster
metal
An element that is shiny, opaque, and conducts both electricity and thermal energy.
(opaque means you can’t see through it at all)
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mass number
The total number of protons plus neutrons in an atom.
Below are three _______________
of carbon.
Isotopes
(Two isotopes of an element differ only in the number of neutrons)
What do we call the elements in the middle of the main table, in light yellow?
Transition metals.
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Element
A fundamental material consisting of only one kind of atom.
What does the 22.99 number below tell you?
Relative atomic mass
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The letters on the periodic table that stand for each atom.
Atomic symbol
Common name for elements in orange on the right.
Noble gases
Nucleon
A name for a particle in the nucleus.
A nucleon is either a proton or a neutron.
(Here is an artists idea of what a nucleus might look like.)
metallic luster is another way to say __________.
shiny
When written in the format shown below, what does the number 4 represent?
The mass number for Helium.
Periodic table
A chart in which the elements are organized by their properties and behaviors.
What is the common name for the elements in dark blue in column 17?
Halogens
isotopes
Two atoms with the same atomic number, but different atomic masses.
(This means they have the same number of protons, but different number of neutrons)
I put a nice example below.
In the picture below, the 85.4678 is the _________________.
relative atomic mass
Group
A vertical column on the periodic table
What are the elements in the green called?
Metaloids
(They are pretty much on the border between metals and non-metals)
The number “6” in the picture below, is carbon’s __________.
Atomic number
Elements contain a ____________ kind of atom.
Single
(For example, the element oxygen only oxygen atoms, nothing else)