Chemistry - Basics Flashcards
An ______ is a substance that cannot be broken down into smaller substances
Element
____ can be built up to form chemical _____
Elements compounds
There are ____ naturally occurring ____ that bond together to create millions of substances
92 elements
What elements are a horse made up of…
Carbon, hydrogen, calcium phosphorous, oxygen nitrogen
Around ____ other elements are present in horses, in very small quantities known as ______
14
Trace elements
An element is composed of tiny particles known as _____
Atoms
An ____ is the smallest component of an element. It consists of a tiny nucleus containing ____ and ____ . Which is surrounded by a cloud of _____.
Atom
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
What collectively is the subatomic mass
Protons, neutrons and electrons.
What has a positive charge?
Protons
What has no / neutral charge
Neutrons
What has a negative charge
Electron
Each element has a fixed number of protons, which is its____ _____
Atomic number
What make up the atomic mass?
Total number of protons and neutrons (which determines how heavy it is)
Atoms are always neutral in charge so have the same ____ _____
Electrons and protons
Atomic mass =
Number of protons and electrons
Atomic number =
number of protons
Number of protons
= number of electrons
What varies with an isotope?
Number of neutrons.
Why are isotopes important for biological studies?
Because if an isotope of an element is replaced within the (horse) of the same element not usually found in the body, the alternate isotope can be tracked by its mass or radioactivity.
What is a molecule?
Two or more elements of the same combine to form a molecule..
Give an a example of a molecule?
Two oxygen elements, ie o2
One oxygen is not a molecule of oxygen, but two are
What is a compound?
As opposed to a molecule (two or more of the same element) a compound is two or more different elements, ie water h2o one hydrogen and two oxygen.
Everything that exists is made up off _____ and _____
Atoms elements