chemistry - acids and bases Flashcards
conservation of mass
matter not created nor destroyed - just rearranged in chemicals reactions
Acids and Bases similarities
corrosive
conducts electricity
neutralize each other
Acid differences from bases
acids are: pH < 7 H first in formula dissociates into H aqueous litmus turns red sour taste texture water like reacts with metals - release gas - H2
Base differences from acids
Bases are: IF DOESNT END WITH OH IT BEGINS WITH NH4 pH > 7 ends with OH (usually) dissociates into OH use ionic naming litmus turns blue bitter taste texture slippery does not react with metals
Acid Naming Basic Rules
No Oxygen - starts with hydro
Has Oxygen:
ate turns to ic
ite turns to ous
Synthesis Reaction
two or more reactants join to form a compound
Decomposition Reaction
a compound breaks down into two or more products
Single Replacement Reaction
a compound and element react and the element switches place with part of the original compound
A + BC =
if a is a metal its B + AC
if A is a non-metal its C + BA
Double Replacement Reactions
Two compounds react, with elements switching places between original compounds
Two solutions react to form a precipitate and a solid
ex Ionic solution + Ionic solution produces Ionic solution + ionic solid
Neutralization Reactions
acid and base react to form water and a salt
Combustion Reactions
a compound or element reacts with oxygen to release energy and produce an oxide
can be referred to as a hydrocarbon combustion
When neutralization occurs, the salt elements come from
positive ion(cation) from base and negative ion(anion) from acid
Metal Oxide + Water produce what?
a base
Non-Metal Oxide + Water produce what?
an acid
Metals and Acids react and release what?
hydrogen gas
