Chemistry Flashcards
Define Alkali:
A base that dissolves in water.
Define alkaline solution:
A solution that contains a base.
Define Indicator:
A substance that changes colour in the presence of an acid or a base.
Define Litmus Paper:
A paper containing an indicator that turns red when exposed to an acid and blue when exposed to a base.
Define Universal indicator:
A solution that is used to determine the pH (amount of acid or base) of a solution.
Define pH scale:
A scale that represents the acidity or basic it’s of a solution: pH <7 indicates an acid; pH >7 indicates a base; pH 7 indicates a neutral solution.
Define neutral:
(pH 7) neither an acid nor a base; for example water.
Define neutralisation reaction:
A reaction between an acid and a base that produces water and a salt.
Define corrosion:
The gradual destruction of materials by a chemical reaction with their environment.
Define an exothermic reaction:
A chemical reaction that releases energy in the form of heat or light.
Define endothermic reaction:
A chemical reaction that absorbs energy in the form of heat.
Example of endothermic reaction:
Photosynthesis and ice cube melting.
Example of exothermic reaction:
Burning of a candle.
Where is energy stored?
In the chemical bonds and can be released when bonds break.
Acids will make litmus paper turn to what colour?
Red
When acids react with metals what do they produce?
Hydrogen gas and salt
The ph range goes from - to -.
0-14
Coffee has a pH of 5. Is it an acid or a base?
Acid
The reaction between an acid and a base results in the formation of water and a salt. What is this reaction called?
Neutralisation
What are acids and bases dangerous?
They can be corrosive and cause burns on your skin
Characteristics of an acid:
- Sour Taste
- pH <7
- Turns red in litmus paper
Characteristics of a base:
- pH >7
- Slippery at touch
- Turns litmus paper blue
Examples of an acid:
Hydrochloric acid
Nitric acid
Sulfuric Acid
Examples of base:
Sodium hydroxide
Potassium hydroxide
Barium hydroxide
