Chemistry

Question 1

Chemistry

Answer 1

The study of matter and the changes it undergoes

Question 2

Matter

Answer 2

Anything that takes up space and has mass

Question 3

Mass

Answer 3

A measure of the amount of matter in an object

Question 4

What makes up matter?

Answer 4

Atoms

Question 5

Atoms

Answer 5

The smallest particle of an element that still retains the properties of that element

Question 6

What was Dalton’s Atomic Theory?

Answer 6

1. All matter is made up of atoms
2. Atoms of an element are identical. Atoms of different elements are different
3. Atoms cannot be subdivided, created or destroyed (NOT CORRECT)
4. Atoms of different elements can combine to form chemical compounds
5. In chemical reactions, atoms are separated, rearranged and come back together to form new compounds

Question 7

What did John Dalton do?

Answer 7

In the 1700s he looked at the Law of Conservation of Mass and could use it to explain the existence of atoms

Question 8

What did JJ Thomson do?

Answer 8

In 1897 he used an apparatus called a Cathode Ray Tube, to discover the electron

Question 9

What did Ernest Rutherford do?

Answer 9

In 1911 he wanted to see how big atoms were and used radiation to shoot alpha particles

Question 10

What did Ernest Rutherford discover in his experiment? (3 things)

Answer 10

He explained that an atom is mostly empty has a small density and has a positive piece at the center. Alpha particles are deflected if they get close enough.

Question 11

Where did the 1st documented idea of atoms come from?

Answer 11

Greek philosopher, Democritus. Around 400 BC he concluded that matter couldn’t be divided into smaller pieces forever

Question 12

How do you find the # of neutrons?

Answer 12

Mass-Atomic Number= # of neutrons

Question 13

What does the number of protons in the nucleus equal to?

Answer 13

The number of electrons

Question 14

What Niels Bohr say?

Answer 14

• That electrons can only circle the nucleus in a orbits

* Each orbit was located within an atoms energy level

Question 15

What did the planetary model of the atom show?

Answer 15

• Electrons must exist in an energy level, not in-between

* An electron must enter the lowest energy level first, till that level, then move to the next higher level

Question 16

Quantum Energy

Answer 16

The energy required to move an electron from its present level to the next higher one

Question 17

Polar Covalent Bond

Answer 17

The unequal sharing of the electrons due to 1 atom being more electronegative than the other atom

Question 18

Non-Polar Covalent Bond

Answer 18

The equal sharing of the electrons between 2 atoms

Question 19

What are Molecular Compounds made of?

Answer 19

Composed of 2 non-metals that share their electrons

Question 20

How are Molecular Compounds formed?

Answer 20

From covalent bonds

Question 21

How do you name Molecular Compounds?

Answer 21

• Prefixes tell how many atoms of each element are present in each molecule of the compound
• The 2nd element is the name ends w/ -ide

Question 22

Polar Molecule

Answer 22

A molecule with a difference in electrical charge between 2 ends

Question 23

Ionic Bond

Answer 23

If the electronegativity of the 2 atoms differ greatly, it is possible for electrons to be pulled entirely towards 1 of the atoms in a bond

Question 24

What are the 2 definitions of “dipole”?

Answer 24

1. A polar bond

2. A polar molecule

Question 25

What does electronegativity have to do with polarity?

Answer 25

The electrical imbalance of polarity is caused by the difference in electronegativity between atoms